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Latest revision as of 12:12, 10 July 2015

Ubuntu 12.04.4 LTS (Hard Float) is the default IGEPv5 base distribution (it's included in IGEPv5 Full and Lite).

We will learn about install, use, generate packages, upgrade ...

Overview

What we learn in this chapter? Install, play and fun with Ubuntu distro ...

Host Enviroment

We suggest use Ubuntu 12.04.4 LTS (32 bits) in your host, you can download it from our server using this link or directly from Ubuntu (Canonical) website. You can install it in a Virtual Machine enviroment using any Virtualization software or directly in your PC.

After install is recommended update the package list with: 

sudo apt-get update

Install Development packages

Now is time to install some packages if you want to build your own distribution.

GCC, G++, libc Cross Compiler

You can install the cross compiler if you want to build u-boot, linux kernel or applications using your host PC and compile for IGEPv5 as target. 

sudo apt-get install gcc-arm-linux-gnueabihf g++-arm-linux-gnueabihf libc6-dev-armhf-armel-cross libc6-armel-armhf-cross

Build Ubuntu packages

if you're idea is build ubuntu packages then you need install other packages 

sudo apt-get install build-essential devscripts dh-make quilt autogen autoconf dh-autoreconf dh-buildinfo dh-make pkg-config

Pbuilder

A pbuilder environment is a chrooted environment which can have a different distroseries or architecture than your host system. 

sudo apt-get install pbuilder pbuilder-scripts

What can I do?

pbuilder is used for create your own ubuntu/debian based distribution or build your own debian/ubuntu packages.

Setup, the basic setup is create in your home base directory a new file called .pbuilderrc inside you should copy this content: 

BINDMOUNTS="${BINDMOUNTS} /home/<your_user>/Projects"

EXTRAPACKAGES="${EXTRAPACKAGES} pbuilder devscripts gnupg patchutils vim-tiny openssh-client"

And just remember create the directory Projects before start. Now if you want to create a new rootfs, you can try to build with 

cd ~/Projects
pcreate -a armhf -d precise precise-armhf

The first time the program will ask you about install some dependencies 

Installing qemu-user-static for armhf-on-x86 support (natty or later)
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
binfmt-support
The following NEW packages will be installed:
binfmt-support qemu-user-static
0 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 23 not upgraded.
Need to get 12.9 MB of archives.
After this operation, 33.9 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue [Y/n]?

You should say, Y (yes) After build (it can take some time) you will get your rootfs (ARM Hard float) in /var/cache/pbuilder/ directory

Now it time to test your new rootfs

First create a new directory in your home: 

$ mkdir -p rootfs/armhf_12.04.4

Now untar the generated file: 

$ cd ~/rootfs/armhf_12.04.4

$ sudo tar xvfz /var/cache/pbuilder/precise-armhf.tgz

Now copy the qemu-arm-static file into usr/bin directory 

$ sudo cp /usr/bin/qemu-arm-static usr/bin

And now chroot it as 

$ cd ..

$ sudo chroot armhf_12.04.4

Check if all is ok with: 

$ arch

armv7l

Now you've in a chroot armhf emulation your rootfs ...  

Install Ubuntu Core 12.04.4 LTS (HF) in the IGEPv5

Ubuntu 12.04.4 LTS can be installed in MicroSD Card, the internal eMMC Flash or in a SSD Flash card, the minimum suggested capacity is 8 GiB available.

This tutorial will show you install step by step and customize the distribution base.

Download Ubuntu 12.04.4 LTS (HF)

Ubuntu 12.04.4 LTS can be downloaded from our server at this location this is a unmodified ubuntu 12.04.4 image without any package. This distribution is based on Ubuntu Core
Ubuntu 12.04.4 LTS (with ISEE modifications) can be downloaded from our server at this location  all support is based on this distribution.
The changelog is located inside the /root directory
User root password: letmein
User igep password: igep

Initial Setup

As we explain before we will create a chroot environment using the downloaded image: 

mkdir -p ~/rootfs/armhf-ubuntu-core-12.04.4
cd ~/root
wget http://downloads.isee.biz/pub/igepv5_ce/arm-ubuntu/images/ubuntu-12.04.4-LTS-hf/ubuntu-core-12.04.4-core-armhf.tar.gz 
cd armhf-ubuntu-core-12.04.4 
sudo tar xvfz ../ubuntu-core-12.04.4-core-armhf.tar.gz
sudo cp /usr/bin/qemu-arm-static usr/bin
for m in `echo 'sys dev proc'`; do sudo mount /$m ./$m -o bind; done
sudo LC_ALL=C chroot .

Note: remember remove the qemu-arm-static file after all. 

Note: remember unmount (outside chroot) the sys proc and dev with: for m in `echo 'sys dev proc'`; do sudo umount ./$m; done

Now if you execute the command ls -al you should see a similar directory listing like this: 

drwxr-xr-x  2 root root 4096 Feb  3 16:42 bin
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root 4096 Apr 19  2012 boot
drwxr-xr-x  3 root root 4096 Feb  3 16:41 dev
drwxr-xr-x 41 root root 4096 Feb  3 16:42 etc
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root 4096 Apr 19  2012 home
drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 4096 Feb  3 16:41 lib
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root 4096 Feb  3 16:39 media
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root 4096 Apr 19  2012 mnt
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root 4096 Feb  3 16:39 opt
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root 4096 Apr 19  2012 proc
drwx------  2 root root 4096 Feb  3 16:42 root
drwxr-xr-x  5 root root 4096 Feb  3 16:41 run
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root 4096 Feb  3 16:42 sbin
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root 4096 Mar  5  2012 selinux
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root 4096 Feb  3 16:39 srv
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root 4096 Apr 14  2012 sys
drwxrwxrwt  2 root root 4096 Feb  3 16:41 tmp
drwxr-xr-x 10 root root 4096 Feb  3 16:39 usr
drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 4096 Feb  3 16:39 var

Ubuntu core not have any user created and we need to create one: 

$ adduser igep

Adding user `igep' ...

Adding new group `igep' (1000) ...

Adding new user `igep' (1000) with group `igep' ...

Creating home directory `/home/igep' ...

Copying files from `/etc/skel' ...

Enter new UNIX password:

Retype new UNIX password:

passwd: password updated successfully

Now it's necessary to add this user into the groups adm and sudo. 

addgroup igep adm

addgroup igep sudo

it's a good idea to install any necessary package on your rootfs for do that you should do 

apt-get update

and install the package (ex: nano editor) 

apt-get install nano

Now we can edit the files and tunning the setup

Tunning your rootfs

We will share some interesting tricks that can be useful for your new rootfs.

Login in "root" without need of a password

You can edit the file /etc/shadow it should have a similar content like this 

root:*:16104:0:99999:7:::

if you want eliminate the need of a password you must remove the * as 

root::16104:0:99999:7:::

Add password for root user

Enter as root user and set the password with: 

$ passwd

Network configuration files for 'DHCP' client

A few files on your target filesystem need to be taken care of.
Steps are as follow:

  • Edit your /etc/network/interfaces file and add the bottom 2 lines:
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp
  • If you are behind a firewall inside a 'Corporate Network', the following 2 files may need to be edited to according to your Coporate settings:
  • Edit your /etc/resolv.conf file and have something similar to this:

Remove the "<>" symbols and replace by your own corporate DHCP and DNS servers adresses. 

domain <something.dhcp.mycompany.com>
search <something.dhcp.mycompany.com>
nameserver <IP address of your DNS server 1>
nameserver <IP address of your DNS server 2>
  • Add the proxy settings:

In your /etc/environment file, add something similar to this using your own corporate proxy server address and port number: 

http_proxy="http://myproxy.ext.mycompany.com:80"
https_proxy="http://myproxy.ext.mycompany.com:80"
ftp_proxy="http://myproxy.ext.mycompany.com:80"
no_proxy="localhost,.mycompany.com"

In your /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/proxy, add similar to this using your own corporate proxy server address and port number: 

Acquire
{
http {
Proxy <corporate apps address>:<port number>;
Proxy::<ubuntu corporate address> "DIRECT";
}
}

Packages

The IGEPv5 debian repository is located here: http://downloads.isee.biz/repo/apt
Edit: /etc/apt/sources.list and add this line:

deb http://downloads.isee.biz/repo/apt/ precise main non-free contrib

after that save the file and execute 

apt-get update

Prepare your disk (microsd, eMMC or SSD disk)

First we need to prepare the disk (microsd, eMMC, or SSD disk), download this script

Prerequisites: you must install these two packages before execute the script:

sudo apt-get install bc dosfstools

This script will create in your disk (microsd, eMMC, SSD disk) two new partitions, first one named boot and the second one named rootfs.

Check your disk:

Insert the disk in your PC or IGEPv5 and after that execute lsblk as:
mmcblock is for microsd card or eMMC sda is for your ssd disk 

lsblk
sdb      8:16   1   3.8G  0 disk 
├─sdb1   8:17   1  70.6M  0 part /media/boot
└─sdb2   8:18   1   3.7G  0 part /media/rootfs

or is possible to look like this:

root@localhost:~# lsblk
NAME         MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda            8:0    0  29.8G  0 disk
|-sda1         8:1    0   100M  0 part
`-sda2         8:2    0  29.7G  0 part /
mmcblk0boot0 179:8    0     2M  1 disk
mmcblk0boot1 179:16   0     2M  1 disk
mmcblk0      179:0    0   7.3G  0 disk
|-mmcblk0p1  179:1    0  70.6M  0 part
`-mmcblk0p2  179:2    0   7.2G  0 part

Execute the script as root:

sudo ./prepare_disk.sh

root@localhost:~# ./prepare-disk.sh
sda            8:0    0  29.8G  0 disk
mmcblk0boot0 179:8    0     2M  1 disk
mmcblk0boot1 179:16   0     2M  1 disk
mmcblk0      179:0    0   7.3G  0 disk
Select the disk: [sdx or mmcblkx]

In the first case you should use sdb and in the second case you should use mmcblk0, write the appropiate disk name ...

After that it will ask you if you are sure !!!

After the script execution you will found two new partitions 

mmcblk0      179:0    0   7.3G  0 disk
|-mmcblk0p1  179:1    0  70.6M  0 part
`-mmcblk0p2  179:2    0   7.2G  0 part

In this case p1 (boot) and p2 (rootfs).

Install your image in a MicroSD Card

First you need prepare your disk, check previous point.

Ubuntu 12.04.4 LTS (with ISEE modifications) can be downloaded from our server at this location  all support is based on this distribution.
The changelog is located inside the /root directory
User root password: letmein
User igep password: igep

Mount your microsd in your host PC or IGEPv5 after mount the disk it should show you two partitions, the first one boot when we will copy the MLO and u-boot.img and the second one where we uncompress the downloaded file.

Mount the microsd card partitions

Use the command mount if automount is not enabled as 

mount /dev/mmcblk0p1 /mnt/p1

mount /dev/mmcblk0p2 /mnt/p2

Copy MLO and u-boot.img (both files can be downloaded reside inside the package u-boot-xxxxxxx-omap5-isee.tar.bz2) inside /mnt/p1 

cp MLO u-boot.img /mnt/p1

go to /mnt/p2

Now uncompress the rootfs (downloaded file) as root 

cd /mnt/p2

sudo tar xvfj ubuntu-core-12.04.4-isee-XXXXXXXXXXX-armhf.tar.bz2 (where xxxxxxx is the release name)

Sync disk 

$ sync

Unmount the disks 

umount /mnt/p1

umount /mnt/p2

And finally eject the disk.

If automount is enabled the partitions will be accessed on:

/media/<your user>/boot

and

/media/<your user/rootfs

use both directories for copy the files in this case you don't need create the directories, you directly can copy and uncompress the file there.

Install your image in a SATA SSD Disk

First you need prepare your disk, check previous point.

Ubuntu 12.04.4 LTS (with ISEE modifications) can be downloaded from our server at this location  all support is based on this distribution.
The changelog is located inside the /root directory
User root password: letmein
User igep password: igep

Mount your SSD disk in your IGEPv5 after mount the disk it should show you two partitions, the first one boot when we will copy the MLO and u-boot.img and the second one where we uncompress the downloaded file.

Mount the SSD disk partitions

Use the command mount: 

mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/p1
mount /dev/sda2 /mnt/p2

Copy MLO and u-boot.img (both files can be downloaded reside inside the package u-boot-xxxxxxx-omap5-isee.tar.bz2) inside /mnt/p1 

cp MLO u-boot.img /mnt/p1

go to /mnt/p2

Now uncompress the rootfs (downloaded file) as root 

cd /mnt/p2
sudo tar xvfj ubuntu-core-12.04.4-isee-XXXXXXXXXXX-armhf.tar.bz2 (where xxxxxxx is the release name)

Sync disk 

$ sync

Unmount the disks 

umount /mnt/p1

umount /mnt/p2

Reboot the board (remember set the board dips in the right boot setup, dip 8 ON)

Install your image in the eMMC flash

First you need prepare your disk, check previous point.

Ubuntu 12.04.4 LTS (with ISEE modifications) can be downloaded from our server at this location  all support is based on this distribution.
The changelog is located inside the /root directory
User root password: letmein
User igep password: igep

Mount your eMMC in your IGEPv5 after mount the disk it should show you two partitions, the first one boot when we will copy the MLO and u-boot.img and the second one where we uncompress the downloaded file.

You can see the eMMC disk as MMC disk, take a look with the names just if you've the microsd plugged ...

Mount the eMMC partitions

Use the command mount if automount is not enabled as 

mount /dev/mmcblk0p1 /mnt/p1

mount /dev/mmcblk0p2 /mnt/p2

Copy MLO and u-boot.img (both files can be downloaded reside inside the package u-boot-xxxxxxx-omap5-isee.tar.bz2) inside /mnt/p1 

cp MLO u-boot.img /mnt/p1

go to /mnt/p2

Now uncompress the rootfs (downloaded file) as root 

cd /mnt/p2

sudo tar xvfj ubuntu-core-12.04.4-isee-XXXXXXXXXXX-armhf.tar.bz2 (where xxxxxxx is the release name)

Sync disk 

$ sync

Unmount the disks 

umount /mnt/p1

umount /mnt/p2

Reboot the board (remember set the board dips in the right boot setup)

Special Warning about MicroSD Card and eMMc

The microsd card uses the interface mmc as the eMMC in some cases as when you boot from your microsd card the lsblk command can show you two mmc devices:

/dev/mmcblk0
/dev/mmcblk1

Normally the 0 is the boot device (from where you boot), if you use the microsd card for boot : /dev/mmcblk0 and the eMMC is the /dev/mmcblk1 but if you boot from the eMMC and insert the microsd card then the eMMC is /dev/mmcblk0 and the microsd card be /dev/mmcblk1
If you use the script for prepare the disk first be sure about which is your desired target due you can easily erase other disk.

WORK WITH PACKAGES

Maybe if you used ubuntu before you are familiar with the apt use, this is only an a introduction to apt use:
If you wish install a new package you should use: 

$ apt-get install <package name>
$ apt-get install openssh-server

If you wish locate any package you can use: 

$ apt-cache search <name>

it list the concordances with name, maybe it's useful use an alternative command: 

$ apt-cache search <name> | grep "any string"

If you wish remove any package you can use: 

$ apt-get remove <package name>

If you wish list the package content you can use: 

dpkg -L <package name>

If you wish list the packages installed in your system you can use: 

dpkg -l

or if you wish locate one: 

dpkg -l <name>

BUGS

The Bug tracking server is located here, the bug tracking is open to all customers and there you can put your found bugs, requesting features or changes ...

CONTRIBUTE

Please login in this wiki page with the same username and login that you use in the www.isee.biz page and put here your comments or improvements. You can write your comments or ask any question using our support forum

References

http://www.omappedia.com/wiki/OMAP_Ubuntu_Core#Chroot.27ing_into_the_Ubuntu_Core_Filesystem

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Core

http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-core/

https://github.com/DavidBercovitz/ubuntu-core

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Core/InstallationExample

http://www.mattfischer.com/blog/?p=514

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/PbuilderHowto

http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/lucid/man8/pbuilder.8.html



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