= Introduction Overview=This how to explains how to '''create a microSD card''' to boot IGEP boards with '''software distributions ( yocto, Ubuntu, Debian ...)'''.
This how to explains how to boot IGEPv2 or IGEP Module using a microSD card. __TOC__
== Theory ==OMAP35xx, DM37xx, AM335x, OMAP5, iMX6 processors can boot from a microSD. All IGEP boards use the microSD card as highest boot priority, it means that the processor try to boot from the microsd card before try to boot from other devices such the OneNand, Nand, SSD or eMMC.
OMAP35xx or DM37xx processors can Exist some rules to boot from a microSD. IGEPv2 or IGEP Module uses the microSD card as highest boot priority, it means that the processor try to boot from the microsd card before try to boot from other devices such the OneNand.
Exist some rules for ===Texas Instruments Processors===* The microsd card must be content at latest 2 partitions.* The first one must be primary partition with the boot from flag mark and formated using FAT(16 or 32) file system.* All names used in this partition must be msdos names (applies to OLD OMAP35xx processor).* The processor must load a microSD cardfirst program called '''MLO''', this program must reside in the first partition, this program it's also called '''x-loader or uboot-spl. '''
*''The microsd card must be content at latest 2 partitions. *The first one must be primary partition with the processor when boot flag mark ONLY load and formated using FAT filesystem. *All names used in this partition must be msdos names, it means you cannot use a extended names. *The processor must load a first program called '''execute the MLO''', this program must reside in and ignore all the first partition, this program rest it's also called '''xthe X-loader(MLO) the program responsible to load the next programs such kernel or uboot if you use this last one approach.'''
''===Freescale-NXP Processors===* The microsd card must be content at latest 1 partitions.* The primary partition can be formatted with any filesystem that u-boot can mount.* The processor ONLY Processor will load and execute the MLO program and ignore all the rest'''u-boot.imx''' it include the SPL and u-boot.
== Prerequisites ==''After load this u-boot.imx, u-boot will be ready for boot the kernel.''
*PC Therefore, we are going to '''setup a microSD card with Linux (We use for this how to Ubuntu 11.04) *MicroSD Card (4 Gbytes - class 4) *Tools such, fdisk, mkfs.ext3, mkfs.vfat, gparted ..these requirements''' and '''install a custom software distribution''' into it.
<br> ==Prerequisites==* PC with Linux (We use for this how to Ubuntu 16.04 LTS)* MicroSD Card (4 Gbytes - class 4) or bigger ...* Tools such, fdisk, mkfs.ext3, mkfs.vfat, gparted ...* Cross Toolchain included in Ubuntu 16.04 LTS gcc version 4.9.3 (Ubuntu/Linaro 4.9.3-13ubuntu2).
==ToolChain==* Read: [[Ubuntu 16.04 LTS Toolchain]] == Preparing the microSD card ==Open a terminal window and clear your dmesg using: <pre>sudo dmesg -c</pre>Now insert a new microsd card in your PC and then check your dmesg: <pre>dmesg</pre>You should see something like this:
Insert a new microsd card in your PC, you should see in your dmesg somthing like this after insert a new microsd card:
<pre>mmc0: new high speed SDHC card at address 0001
mmcblk0: mmc0:0001 00000 3.79 GiB
mmcblk0: unknown partition table
</pre> Ensure all in your microsd card it's erased:<br>
<pre>$ sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/mmcblk0 bs=1024 count=1024
[sudo] password for jdoe:
1024+0 records in
1024+0 records out
1048576 bytes (1.0 MB) copied, 0.43556 s, 2.4 MB/s</pre> == Install GParted ==
==Install GParted==We will use the gparted program for create the partitions, if you don't have this program installed then you must install it with this command: <pre>sudo apt-get install gparted</pre> == GParted ==
When the <pre>sudo apt-get install procedure ends you can call the program from your system tools menu or directly using a terminal console. gparted</pre>
=== [[Image:Gparted initial.png|thumb|center]]Create the MSDOS Partition Table ===
The next step it's create ==GParted and Creation of Partitions==When the msdos table partition for it install procedure ends you should click in can call the "Device" program from your system tools menu and then in the "Create Partition Table" optionor directly using a terminal console.
[[Image:Gparted create msdos table partitioninitial.png|thumb|center]]Check the default option it's create a msdos partition table after that you can apply.
=== Create the BOOT MSDOS Partition Table===The next step it's create the msdos table partition for it you should click in the "Device" menu and then in the "Create Partition Table" option.
The Next step [[Image:Gparted create msdos table partition.png|thumb|center]]Check the default option it's create the partitions for it you should go to the a msdos partition menu and select the "New" option then the application show a window like this: table.
[[Image:Gparted create first partitionAfter that you can '''Apply'''.png|thumb|center]]We will configure the partition as:<br>
*Primary Partition<br>
*Format: FAT32<br>
*Size: 100 MegaBytes<br>
*Label: Boot<br>
*'''Align to: cylinder'''
<br>
[[Image:Gparted configure boot partition.png|thumb|center]]We must "add" ===Create the partition and gparted shows a partitions structure like thisBOOT Partition - IGEP Texas Instruments Processor based===<u>This Step it's only for OMAP35xx, DM37xx, AM335x, OMAP5432 processor based IGEP boards. </u>
=== Create The Next step it's create the ROOTFS Partition ===partitions for it you should go to the partition menu and select the "New" option then the application show a window like this:
The Next step it's [[Image:Gparted create first partition.png|thumb|center]]We will configure the root filesystem partition. as:
First you should select the unallocated partition area and then you should go to the partition menu and select the "New" option then the application show a window like this* Primary Partition* Format: FAT32* Size: 100 MegaBytes* Free Space Preceding:<br> [[Image0 MiB* Label:Gparted create first partition.png|thumb|center]] We will configure the rootfs partition asBoot* '''Align to:<br> cylinder'''
*Primary Partition<br> *Format: EXT4<br> *Size: All the Rest<br> *Label: Rootfs<br> *It is recommended to '''Align to: cylinderapply changes'''now or you might get an error later.
At end we will click on "Add" button===Create the BOOT Partition - IGEP NXP-Freescale Processor based===<u>This Step it's only for iMX6 processor based IGEP boards. </u>
[[ImageThe Next step it's create the partitions for it you should go to the partition menu and select the "New" option then the application show a window like this:Gparted all configured.png|thumb|center]]
=== Apply all Changes ===[[File:imx6-primary-part.png|thumb|center]]
Clink on Apply changes button in We will configure the main menu after that gparted show a window like this for confirm all operations partition as:
[[Image* Primary Partition* Format:Gparted apply changes.png|thumb|center]]We should click on apply button. FAT32* Free Space Preceding: 8 MiB* Size: 100 MegaBytes* Label: Boot* '''Align to: cylinder'''
[[Image:Gparted apply information.png|thumb|center]]When the process finish we can see all changes applied
[[Image:Gparted operations completeIt is recommended to '''apply changes''' now or you might get an error later.png|thumb|center]]
Now we can see all partitions and configurations done in ===Create the main gparted window ROOTFS Partition===The Next step it's create the root file system partition.
=== First you should select the unallocated partition area and then you should go to the partition menu and select the "New" option then the application show a window like this:<br /> [[Image:Gparted partitions donecreate first partition.png|thumb|center]]Select "Boot flag" for We will configure the boot rootfs partition ===as:
Now we must select * Primary Partition* Format: EXT4* Size: All the boot flag for the first partition for it we use the right mouse button over the boot partition and select "Manage Flags" option Rest* Label: Rootfs'''<br />'''
[[Image:Gparted boot flagAt end we will click on "Add" button.png|thumb|center]]Now we have the microsd prepared for copy the boot files
= Boot Partition Structure =[[Image:Gparted all configured.png|thumb|center]]
We commented in the theory point the OMAP needs only the MLO (x-loader) file for boot, we will start checking this point. or
Before you follow the next points you should mount the microsd boot partition in your host pc[[File:imx6_str. png|thumb|center]]
Select the boot partition and mount it in your host. After all apply all changes
[[Image:Microsd partitions.png|thumb|center]] ===Select "Boot flag" for the boot partition===Now we must select the boot flag for the first partition for it we use the right mouse button over the boot partition and select "Manage Flags" option
<br> [[Image:Gparted boot flag.png|thumb|center]]Now we have the microsd prepared for copy the boot files
== XMLO + u-Loader (MLO)<br> boot IGEP Boards Texas Instruments based boards==After build or download the MLO and u-boot you should follow the next steps:
You can follow this other howto about the [[The IGEP X* Copy MLO and u-loader|IGEP-X-loader]]boot. <pre>We will compile the sources from our git repository:img to primary boot partition
$/home/jdoe> git clone git://gitcp MLO u-boot.igep.esimg /pubmedia/scmuser/igepbootYou can follow this [[U-xBoot Texas Instruments Series|HowTo]] if you want build the MLO and u-loader.gitboot
$/home/jdoe> cd igep==u-xboot.imx IGEP Boards based on NXP-loaderFreescale Processors==* Copy u-boot.imx using dd before primary partition in raw mode as
$ sudo dd if=/home/jdoeuser/igepu-xboot-loader> make igep0020imx/u-sdcard_configboot.imx of=/dev/sde bs=512 seek=2Where /dev/sde is your microsd card
$/home/jdoe/igepYou can follow this [[U-xboot Freescale-loader> makeNXP iMX6 Series|HowTo ]]if you want build the u-boot.imx
$/home/jdoe/igep-x-loader> contrib/signGP==Kernel==</pre> Copy the x-loader.bin.ift into You can follow this other howto about [[The Linux kernel|how compile and install the boot partitionLinux Kernel]].
==Root File System==In this tutorial we will use the [[Imagehttp:Copy Xloader//downloads.isee.biz/pub/files/linaro/releases/linaro-m-headless-tar-20101108-2.tar.png|thumb|center]gz linaro headless] (soft floating) image as rootfs but you can use your favorite rootfs also.
Rename the x-loader.bin.ift to MLO<br/> {{Message/Information Message|message=Here there are many articles about how to get '''many other [[:Category:Software distributions|software distributions]]'''.}}
<br /> Here you've the [[Imagehttp:Rename Xloader to MLO//downloads.isee.png|thumb|centerbiz/pub/files/linaro/releases/linaro-11.09-nano-n-tar-20110929-0.tar.gz linaro nano 11.09]]Now we're ready (soft floating) available for test the board boot download from the microsd cardISEE server.
=== X-Loader Boot ===Notes: You must build your programs with the hard floating if your rootfs is build with it.
We will eject the boot and rootfs partitions from our Host PC, this step it's a lot important due the Linux Notes: IGEPv5 must sync all changes before eject the microsd card. use Hard floating Rootfs
We will insert our microSD card into the IGEP board, connect the serial debug cable and open the serial terminal
[[Image:Putty Serial Configuration.png|thumb|center]]Power UP the board.
[[Image:IGEP===Create the Rootfs mount point===Go to /media directory and create one sub-X-Loader Boot.png|thumb|center]] folder called "binary"
=== Configure the IGEP-X-Loader ===<pre>$ cd /media
You can use a file like this: $ sudo mkdir binary</pre>[kernel]; Kernel load address, NOT Modifykaddress=0x80008000; RAM disk load Address, NOT Modify;rdaddress=0x84000000; Board Serial IDserial.low=00000001serial.high=00000000; Board Revisionrevision=0003; Kernel Image NamekImageName=zImage; Kernel RAM Disk Image Name;kRdImageName=initrd.img-2.6.35-1010-linaro-omap [kparams]; Setup the Kernel console paramsconsole=ttyS2,115200n8; Enable early printk;earlyprintk=serial,ttyS2,115200; Setup the Board Memory Configurationmem=430M;mem=512M; Setup the Boot Delayboot_delay=0; Setup the ARM Processor Speed;mpurate=800; Setup the loglevel;loglevel=7; Enable Kernel Debug Output;debug=1; Fix RTC Variable;fixrtc=1; Configure nocompcache variablenocompcache=1; Configure Frame Buffer Configuration;omapfb.mode=dvi:1280x720MR-16@60omapfb.mode=dvi:hd720-16@60; Configure Video Ram assignedvram=40M; Configure Video RAM assigned to every frame bufferomapfb.vram=0:12M,1:16M,2:12M; Configure frame buffer debug output;omapfb.debug=1; Configure DSS Video Debug option;omapdss.debug=1; Configure the Board Ethernet Mac Addresssmsc911x.mac=0xb2,0xb0,0x14,0xb5,0xcd,0xde; --- Configure UBI FS boot --- ;ubi.mtd=2 ;root=ubi0:igep0020-rootfs ;rootfstype=ubifs; --- Configure NFS boot --- ;ip=192.168.2.123:192.168.2.129:192.168.2.1:255.255.255.0::eth0:;root=/dev/nfs;nfsroot=192.168.2.129:/srv/nfs/igep_rootfs; --- Configure MMC boot --- root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rw rootwait; Assign Init program;init=/bin/bash
</pre> ===Mount the RootFS partition===Create a new file into Mount the boot rootfs partition named igep.ini with these content and save using the file. 'binary' directory
== Kernel <pre>$ media &gt; Rootfs ==sudo mount /dev/mmcblkp2 /media/binary</pre>
You can follow this other howto about [[The Linux kernel|how compile ===Untar the rootfs package===Copy "linaro-m-headless-tar-20101108-2.tar.gz" file inside the /media directory and install untar the Linux Kernel]]. file
In our case we build the kernel sources from zero:<brpre>$ media > sudo tar xvfz linaro-m-headless-tar-20101108-2.tar.gz</pre> <prebr />Now you should see inside your rootfs partition a) Clone the Kernel git repositorysimilar structure like this.
$/home/jdoe/> git clone git===[[Image://gitLinaro RootFS.igeppng|thumb|center]]Install the kernel modules===Now you should install your kernel modules inside your root file system.es/pub/scm/linux-omap-2.6.git
<pre>$media > cd /home/jdoe> cd /linux-omap-2.6
b) Checkout your desired branch (we used for this howto $ /home/jdoe/linux-omap-2.6.35.y)> sudo make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabi- modules_install INSTALL_MOD_PATH=/media/binary</pre>Alternatively if you downloaded the binary package uncompress it inside the directory /media/binary
$/home/jdoe/linux-omap-2===Install the kernel Image===Just copy the zImage inside your boot partition, remember before that you must mount your mmc boot partition.6> git checkout origin/linux-2.6.35.y -b linux-2-6-35.y
c) Configure the kernel <pre>$/home/jdoe/linux-omap-2.6> make ARCH=sudo cp arch/arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabi- igep0020-defconfig d) Build the kernel and Modules $/homeboot/zImage /jdoemedia/linux-omap-2.6> make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabi- zImage modules<boot/pre> Notes: The if you're using dtb kernel binary resides inside as 3.8.y you must copy the directory: dtb too.$/home/jdoe/linuxlinuz-omap-2.6/> sudo cp arch/arm/boot/'''zImage''' We will use the [http:dtbs//downloadsomap5-igep0050.igep.esdtb /filesmedia/linaro-m-headless-tar-20101108-2.tar.gz linaro headless] image as rootfs but you can use your favorite rootfs also. boot
=== Create </pre>After that you can unmount the Rootfs mount point ===boot & rootfs partitions.
Go to /media directory and create one subfolder called "binary" <pre>$ cd /mediaNow we're ready for test our new microsd card
$ sudo mkdir binary</pre> === Mount the RootFS partition ==Test your new MicroSD=You can test your new microSD card with a Serial client such as PuTTy. [[Using serial debug port to communicate|Here]] is an explanation about how to configure it.
Mount the rootfs partition using the 'binary' directory <pre>$ media > sudo mount /dev/mmcblkp2 /media/binary</pre> === Untar the rootfs package === Copy "linaro-m-headless-tar-20101108-2.tar.gz" file inside the /media directory and untar the file <pre>$ media > sudo tar xvfz linaro-m-headless-tar-20101108-2.tar.gz</pre> <br> Now you should see inside your rootfs partition a similar structure like this.<br> === [[Image:Linaro RootFS.png|thumb|center]]Install the kernel modules<br> === Now you (Note that speed should install your kernel modules inside your root file system.<br> <pre>$ media > cd /home/jdoe/linux-omap-2.6 $ /home/jdoe/linux-omap-2.6> sudo make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabi- modules_install INSTALL_MOD_PATH=/media/binary </pre> === Install the kernel Image<br> === Just copy the zImage inside your boot partition, remember before that you must mount your mmc boot partition.<br> <pre>$ /home/jdoe/linux-omap-2.6> sudo cp arch/arm/boot/zImage /media/boot/</pre> After that you can unmount the boot & rootfs partitionsbe configured to 115200 bauds).
Now we're If you already have configured it or you are using another Serial client and you have connected the Serial cable to the IGEPv2 board, then you are ready for to test our new microsd car<br> your microSD.
= Test Insert the microSD in your new MicroSD<br> =IGEPv2 board and power up the board.
Insert the microsd in your IGEPv2 board and power up the board[[Image:Linaro Boot1. png|thumb|center]][[Image:Linaro Boot2.png|thumb|center]]
[[Image:Linaro Boot1.png|thumb|center]][[Image:Linaro Boot2.png|thumb|center]]
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<br> =Related articles=* [[Boot up sequence]]* [[Update the PRE-INSTALLED software image to a current release]]* [[The Linux kernel]]
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[[Category:How_to_forgeBoot loaders]][[Category:Software]][[Category:Software distributions]]