= Introduction Overview=This how to explains how to '''create a microSD card''' to boot IGEP boards with '''software distributions ( yocto, Ubuntu, Debian ...)'''.
This how to explains how to boot IGEPv2 or IGEP Module using a microSD card. __TOC__
== Theory ==OMAP35xx, DM37xx, AM335x, OMAP5, iMX6 processors can boot from a microSD. All IGEP boards use the microSD card as highest boot priority, it means that the processor try to boot from the microsd card before try to boot from other devices such the OneNand, Nand, SSD or eMMC.
OMAP35xx or DM37xx processors can Exist some rules to boot from a microSD. IGEPv2 or IGEP Module uses the microSD card as highest boot priority, it means that the processor try to boot from the microsd card before try to boot from other devices such the OneNand.
Exist some rules for ===Texas Instruments Processors===* The microsd card must be content at latest 2 partitions.* The first one must be primary partition with the boot from flag mark and formated using FAT(16 or 32) file system.* All names used in this partition must be msdos names (applies to OLD OMAP35xx processor).* The processor must load a microSD cardfirst program called '''MLO''', this program must reside in the first partition, this program it's also called '''x-loader or uboot-spl. '''
*''The microsd card must be content at latest 2 partitions. *The first one must be primary partition with the processor when boot flag mark ONLY load and formated using FAT filesystem. *All names used in this partition must be msdos names, it means you cannot use a extended names. *The processor must load a first program called '''execute the MLO''', this program must reside in and ignore all the first partition, this program rest it's also called '''xthe X-loader(MLO) the program responsible to load the next programs such kernel or uboot if you use this last one approach.'''
''===Freescale-NXP Processors===* The microsd card must be content at latest 1 partitions.* The primary partition can be formatted with any filesystem that u-boot can mount.* The processor ONLY Processor will load and execute the MLO program and ignore all the rest'''u-boot.imx''' it include the SPL and u-boot.
== Prerequisites ==''After load this u-boot.imx, u-boot will be ready for boot the kernel.''
*PC Therefore, we are going to '''setup a microSD card with Linux (We use for this how to Ubuntu 11.04) *MicroSD Card (4 Gbytes - class 4) *Tools such, fdisk, mkfs.ext3, mkfs.vfat, gparted ..these requirements''' and '''install a custom software distribution''' into it.
<br> ==Prerequisites==* PC with Linux (We use for this how to Ubuntu 16.04 LTS)* MicroSD Card (4 Gbytes - class 4) or bigger ...* Tools such, fdisk, mkfs.ext3, mkfs.vfat, gparted ...* Cross Toolchain included in Ubuntu 16.04 LTS gcc version 4.9.3 (Ubuntu/Linaro 4.9.3-13ubuntu2).
==ToolChain==* Read: [[Ubuntu 16.04 LTS Toolchain]] == Preparing the microSD card ==Open a terminal window and clear your dmesg using: <pre>sudo dmesg -c</pre>Now insert a new microsd card in your PC and then check your dmesg: <pre>dmesg</pre>You should see something like this:
Insert a new microsd card in your PC, you should see in your dmesg somthing like this after insert a new microsd card:
<pre>mmc0: new high speed SDHC card at address 0001
mmcblk0: mmc0:0001 00000 3.79 GiB
mmcblk0: unknown partition table
</pre> Ensure all in your microsd card it's erased:<br>
<pre>$ sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/mmcblk0 bs=1024 count=1024
[sudo] password for jdoe:
1024+0 records in
1024+0 records out
1048576 bytes (1.0 MB) copied, 0.43556 s, 2.4 MB/s</pre> == Install GParted == We will use the gparted program for create the partitions, if you don't have this program installed then you must install it with this command: <pre>sudo apt-get install gparted</pre> == GParted == When the install procedure ends you can call the program from your system tools menu or directly using a terminal console. === [[Image:Gparted initial.png|thumb|center]]Create the MSDOS Partition Table ===
The next step it's ==Install GParted==We will use the gparted program for create the msdos table partition for it partitions, if you should click in the "Device" menu and don't have this program installed then in the "Create Partition Table" option. you must install it with this command:
[[Image:Gparted create msdos table partition.png|thumb|center]]Check the default option it's create a msdos partition table after that you can apply. <pre>sudo apt-get install gparted</pre>
=== Create the BOOT Partition ===
The Next step it's create ==GParted and Creation of Partitions==When the partitions for it install procedure ends you should go to can call the partition program from your system tools menu and select the "New" option then the application show or directly using a window like this: terminal console.
[[Image:Gparted create first partitioninitial.png|thumb|center]]We will configure the partition as:<br>
*Primary ===Create the MSDOS Partition<br> Table===*Format: FAT32<br> *Size: 100 MegaBytes<br> *Label: Boot<br> *'''Align to: cylinder''The next step it's create the msdos table partition for it you should click in the "Device" menu and then in the "Create Partition Table" option.
<br> [[Image:Gparted create msdos table partition.png|thumb|center]]Check the default option it's create a msdos partition table.
[[Image:Gparted configure boot partition.png|thumb|center]]We must "add" the partition and gparted shows a partitions structure like thisAfter that you can '''Apply'''.
=== Create the ROOTFS Partition ===
The Next step it's create the root filesystem partition.
First you should select ===Create the unallocated partition area and then you should go to the partition menu and select the "New" option then the application show a window like this:BOOT Partition - IGEP Texas Instruments Processor based===<bru> [[Image:Gparted create first partitionThis Step it's only for OMAP35xx, DM37xx, AM335x, OMAP5432 processor based IGEP boards.png|thumb|center]] We will configure the rootfs partition as:<br/u>
*Primary Partition<br> *Format: EXT4<br> *Size: All The Next step it's create the Rest<br> *Label: Rootfs<br> *'''Align partitions for it you should go tothe partition menu and select the "New" option then the application show a window like this: cylinder'''
At end we [[Image:Gparted create first partition.png|thumb|center]]We will click on "Add" button. configure the partition as:
[[Image* Primary Partition* Format:Gparted all configured.png|thumb|center]] FAT32* Size: 100 MegaBytes* Free Space Preceding: 0 MiB* Label: Boot* '''Align to: cylinder'''
=== Apply all Changes ===It is recommended to '''apply changes''' now or you might get an error later.
Clink on Apply changes button in ===Create the main menu after that gparted show a window like this BOOT Partition - IGEP NXP-Freescale Processor based===<u>This Step it's only for confirm all operations iMX6 processor based IGEP boards.</u>
[[ImageThe Next step it's create the partitions for it you should go to the partition menu and select the "New" option then the application show a window like this:Gparted apply changes.png|thumb|center]]We should click on apply button.
[[ImageFile:Gparted apply informationimx6-primary-part.png|thumb|center]]When the process finish we can see all changes applied
[[ImageWe will configure the partition as:Gparted operations complete.png|thumb|center]]
Now we can see all partitions and configurations done in the main gparted window * Primary Partition* Format: FAT32* Free Space Preceding: 8 MiB* Size: 100 MegaBytes* Label: Boot* '''Align to: cylinder'''
=== [[Image:Gparted partitions done.png|thumb|center]]Select "Boot flag" for the boot partition ===
Now we must select the boot flag for the first partition for it we use the right mouse button over the boot partition and select "Manage Flags" option It is recommended to '''apply changes''' now or you might get an error later.
[[Image:Gparted boot flag.png|thumb|center]]Now we have ===Create the microsd prepared for copy ROOTFS Partition===The Next step it's create the boot files root file system partition.
= Boot Partition Structure =First you should select the unallocated partition area and then you should go to the partition menu and select the "New" option then the application show a window like this:<br /> [[Image:Gparted create first partition.png|thumb|center]] We will configure the rootfs partition as:
We commented in * Primary Partition* Format: EXT4* Size: All the theory point the OMAP needs only the MLO (x-loader) file for boot, we will start checking this point. Rest* Label: Rootfs'''<br />'''
Before you follow the next points you should mount the microsd boot partition in your host pcAt end we will click on "Add" button.
Select the boot partition and mount it in your host[[Image:Gparted all configured. png|thumb|center]]
[[Image:Microsd partitions.png|thumb|center]] or
<br> [[File:imx6_str.png|thumb|center]]
== X-Loader (MLO)<br> ==After all apply all changes
You can follow this other howto about ===Select "Boot flag" for the [[The IGEP X-loader|IGEP-X-loader]]. boot partition===Now we must select the boot flag for the first partition for it we use the right mouse button over the boot partition and select "Manage Flags" option
Copy [[Image:Gparted boot flag.png|thumb|center]]Now we have the x-loader.bin.ift into microsd prepared for copy the boot partition. files
[[Image==MLO + u-boot IGEP Boards Texas Instruments based boards==After build or download the MLO and u-boot you should follow the next steps:Copy Xloader.png|thumb|center]]
Rename the x* Copy MLO and u-loaderboot.bin.ift img to MLO<br> primary boot partition
$ cp MLO u-boot.img /media/user/bootYou can follow this [[Image:Rename Xloader to MLO.pngU-Boot Texas Instruments Series|thumb|centerHowTo]]Now we're ready for test if you want build the board MLO and u-boot from the microsd card.
=== Xu-boot.imx IGEP Boards based on NXP-Loader Boot =Freescale Processors==* Copy u-boot.imx using dd before primary partition in raw mode as
We will eject the sudo dd if=/home/user/u-boot and rootfs partitions from our Host PC, this step it's a lot important due the Linux must sync all changes before eject the -imx/u-boot.imx of=/dev/sde bs=512 seek=2Where /dev/sde is your microsd card.
We will insert our microSD card into You can follow this [[U-boot Freescale-NXP iMX6 Series|HowTo ]]if you want build the IGEP board, connect the serial debug cable and open the serial terminal u-boot.imx
==Kernel==You can follow this other howto about [[Image:Putty Serial Configuration.pngThe Linux kernel|thumb|centerhow compile and install the Linux Kernel]]Power UP the board.
==Root File System==In this tutorial we will use the [[Imagehttp:IGEP//downloads.isee.biz/pub/files/linaro/releases/linaro-Xm-Loader Bootheadless-tar-20101108-2.tar.png|thumb|center]gz linaro headless] (soft floating) image as rootfs but you can use your favorite rootfs also.
<br /> {{Message/Information Message|message=== Configure the IGEP-X-Loader ===Here there are many articles about how to get '''many other [[:Category:Software distributions|software distributions]]'''.}}
You can use a file like this: <prebr />Here you've the [kernel]; Kernel load address, NOT Modifykaddress=0x80008000; RAM disk load Address, NOT Modify;rdaddress=0x84000000; Board Serial IDserialhttp://downloads.low=00000001serialisee.high=00000000; Board Revisionrevision=0003; Kernel Image NamekImageName=zImage; Kernel RAM Disk Image Name;kRdImageName=initrd.imgbiz/pub/files/linaro/releases/linaro-211.6.3509-1010nano-linaron-omap [kparams]; Setup the Kernel console paramsconsole=ttyS2,115200n8; Enable early printk;earlyprintk=serial,ttyS2,115200; Setup the Board Memory Configurationmem=430M;mem=512M; Setup the Boot Delayboot_delay=0; Setup the ARM Processor Speed;mpurate=800; Setup the loglevel;loglevel=7; Enable Kernel Debug Output;debug=1; Fix RTC Variable;fixrtc=1; Configure nocompcache variablenocompcache=1; Configure Frame Buffer Configuration;omapfb.mode=dvi:1280x720MRtar-16@60omapfb.mode=dvi:hd72020110929-16@60; Configure Video Ram assignedvram=40M; Configure Video RAM assigned to every frame bufferomapfb0.vram=0:12M,1:16M,2:12M; Configure frame buffer debug output;omapfbtar.debug=1; Configure DSS Video Debug option;omapdssgz linaro nano 11.debug=109] Configure (soft floating) available for download from the Board Ethernet Mac Addresssmsc911x.mac=0xb2,0xb0,0x14,0xb5,0xcd,0xde; --- Configure UBI FS boot --- ;ubi.mtd=2 ;root=ubi0:igep0020-rootfs ;rootfstype=ubifs; --- Configure NFS boot --- ;ip=192.168.2.123:192.168.2.129:192.168.2.1:255.255.255.0::eth0:;root=/dev/nfs;nfsroot=192.168.2ISEE server.129:/srv/nfs/igep_rootfs; --- Configure MMC boot --- root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rw rootwait; Assign Init program;init=/bin/bash
</pre> Create a new file into Notes: You must build your programs with the boot partition named igep.ini hard floating if your rootfs is build with these content and save the fileit.
== Kernel & Notes: IGEPv5 must use Hard floating Rootfs ==
You can follow this other howto about [[The Linux kernel|how compile and install the Linux Kernel]].
We will use the [http://downloads.igep.es/files/linaro-m-headless-tar-20101108-2.tar.gz linaro headless] image as rootfs.
=== Create the Rootfs mount point ===Go to /media directory and create one sub-folder called "binary"
Go to /media directory and create one subfolder called "binary"
<pre>$ cd /media
$ sudo mkdir binary
</pre>
=== Mount the RootFS partition ===
===Mount the RootFS partition===
Mount the rootfs partition using the 'binary' directory
<pre>$ media > sudo mount /dev/mmcblkp2 /media/binary
</pre>
=== Untar the rootfs package ===
===Untar the rootfs package===
Copy "linaro-m-headless-tar-20101108-2.tar.gz" file inside the /media directory and untar the file
<pre>$ media > sudo tar xvfz linaro-m-headless-tar-20101108-2.tar.gz</pre><br /> Now you should see inside your rootfs partition a similar structure like this. ===[[Image:Linaro RootFS.png|thumb|center]]Install the kernel modules===Now you should install your kernel modules inside your root file system. <pre>$ media > cd /home/jdoe/linux-omap-2.6 $ /home/jdoe/linux-omap-2.6> sudo make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabi- modules_install INSTALL_MOD_PATH=/media/binary</pre>Alternatively if you downloaded the binary package uncompress it inside the directory /media/binary ===Install the kernel Image===Just copy the zImage inside your boot partition, remember before that you must mount your mmc boot partition. <pre>$ /home/jdoe/linux-omap-2.6> sudo cp arch/arm/boot/zImage /media/boot/if you're using dtb kernel as 3.8.y you must copy the dtb too.$ /home/jdoe/linuz-omap-2.6> sudo cp arch/arm/boot/dtbs/omap5-igep0050.dtb /media/boot
</pre>
After that you can unmount the boot & rootfs partitions.
Now we're ready for test our new microsd card
=Test your new MicroSD=
You can test your new microSD card with a Serial client such as PuTTy. [[Using serial debug port to communicate|Here]] is an explanation about how to configure it.
(Note that speed should be configured to 115200 bauds).
If you already have configured it or you are using another Serial client and you have connected the Serial cable to the IGEPv2 board, then you are ready to test your microSD.
Insert the microSD in your IGEPv2 board and power up the board.
[[Image:Linaro Boot1.png|thumb|center]][[Image:Linaro Boot2.png|thumb|center]]
=Related articles=
* [[Boot up sequence]]
* [[Update the PRE-INSTALLED software image to a current release]]
* [[The Linux kernel]]
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