= Introduction Overview=This how to explains how to '''create a microSD card''' to boot IGEP boards with '''software distributions ( yocto, Ubuntu, Debian ...)'''.
This how to explains how to boot IGEPv2 or IGEP Module using a microSD card. __TOC__
== Theory ==OMAP35xx, DM37xx, AM335x, OMAP5, iMX6 processors can boot from a microSD. All IGEP boards use the microSD card as highest boot priority, it means that the processor try to boot from the microsd card before try to boot from other devices such the OneNand, Nand, SSD or eMMC.
OMAP35xx or DM37xx processors can Exist some rules to boot from a microSD. IGEPv2 or IGEP Module uses the microSD card as highest boot priority, it means that the processor try to boot from the microsd card before try to boot from other devices such the OneNand.
Exist some rules for ===Texas Instruments Processors===* The microsd card must be content at latest 2 partitions.* The first one must be primary partition with the boot from flag mark and formated using FAT(16 or 32) file system.* All names used in this partition must be msdos names (applies to OLD OMAP35xx processor).* The processor must load a microSD cardfirst program called '''MLO''', this program must reside in the first partition, this program it's also called '''x-loader or uboot-spl. '''
*''The microsd card must be content at latest 2 partitions. *The first one must be primary partition with the processor when boot flag mark ONLY load and formated using FAT filesystem. *All names used in this partition must be msdos names, it means you cannot use a extended names. *The processor must load a first program called '''execute the MLO''', this program must reside in and ignore all the first partition, this program rest it's also called '''xthe X-loader(MLO) the program responsible to load the next programs such kernel or uboot if you use this last one approach.'''
''===Freescale-NXP Processors===* The microsd card must be content at latest 1 partitions.* The primary partition can be formatted with any filesystem that u-boot can mount.* The processor ONLY Processor will load and execute the MLO program and ignore all the rest'''u-boot.imx''' it include the SPL and u-boot.
== Prerequisites ==''After load this u-boot.imx, u-boot will be ready for boot the kernel.''
*PC Therefore, we are going to '''setup a microSD card with Linux (We use for this how to Ubuntu 11.04) *MicroSD Card (4 Gbytes - class 4) *Tools such, fdisk, mkfs.ext3, mkfs.vfat, gparted ..these requirements''' and '''install a custom software distribution''' into it.
<br> ==Prerequisites==* PC with Linux (We use for this how to Ubuntu 16.04 LTS)* MicroSD Card (4 Gbytes - class 4) or bigger ...* Tools such, fdisk, mkfs.ext3, mkfs.vfat, gparted ...* Cross Toolchain included in Ubuntu 16.04 LTS gcc version 4.9.3 (Ubuntu/Linaro 4.9.3-13ubuntu2).
==ToolChain==* Read: [[Ubuntu 16.04 LTS Toolchain]] == Preparing the microSD card ==Open a terminal window and clear your dmesg using: <pre>sudo dmesg -c</pre>Now insert a new microsd card in your PC and then check your dmesg: <pre>dmesg</pre>You should see something like this:
Insert a new microsd card in your PC, you should see in your dmesg somthing like this after insert a new microsd card:
<pre>mmc0: new high speed SDHC card at address 0001
mmcblk0: mmc0:0001 00000 3.79 GiB
mmcblk0: unknown partition table
</pre> Ensure all in your microsd card it's erased:<br>
<pre>$ sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/mmcblk0 bs=1024 count=1024
[sudo] password for jdoe:
1024+0 records in
1024+0 records out
1048576 bytes (1.0 MB) copied, 0.43556 s, 2.4 MB/s</pre> == Install GParted ==We will use the gparted program for create the partitions, if you don't have this program installed then you must install it with this command: <pre>sudo apt-get install gparted</pre> ==GParted and Creation of Partitions==When the install procedure ends you can call the program from your system tools menu or directly using a terminal console. [[Image:Gparted initial.png|thumb|center]] ===Create the MSDOS Partition Table===The next step it's create the msdos table partition for it you should click in the "Device" menu and then in the "Create Partition Table" option. [[Image:Gparted create msdos table partition.png|thumb|center]]Check the default option it's create a msdos partition table. After that you can '''Apply'''. ===Create the BOOT Partition - IGEP Texas Instruments Processor based===<u>This Step it's only for OMAP35xx, DM37xx, AM335x, OMAP5432 processor based IGEP boards.</u> The Next step it's create the partitions for it you should go to the partition menu and select the "New" option then the application show a window like this: [[Image:Gparted create first partition.png|thumb|center]]We will configure the partition as: * Primary Partition* Format: FAT32* Size: 100 MegaBytes* Free Space Preceding: 0 MiB* Label: Boot* '''Align to: cylinder''' It is recommended to '''apply changes''' now or you might get an error later. ===Create the BOOT Partition - IGEP NXP-Freescale Processor based===<u>This Step it's only for iMX6 processor based IGEP boards.</u> The Next step it's create the partitions for it you should go to the partition menu and select the "New" option then the application show a window like this: [[File:imx6-primary-part.png|thumb|center]] We will configure the partition as: * Primary Partition* Format: FAT32* Free Space Preceding: 8 MiB* Size: 100 MegaBytes* Label: Boot* '''Align to: cylinder''' It is recommended to '''apply changes''' now or you might get an error later. ===Create the ROOTFS Partition===The Next step it's create the root file system partition. First you should select the unallocated partition area and then you should go to the partition menu and select the "New" option then the application show a window like this:<br /> [[Image:Gparted create first partition.png|thumb|center]] We will configure the rootfs partition as:
We will use * Primary Partition* Format: EXT4* Size: All the gparted program for create the partitions, if you donRest* Label: Rootfs'''t have this program installed then you must install it with this command: <pre>sudo apt-get install gparted<br /pre> == GParted =='''
When the install procedure ends you can call the program from your system tools menu or directly using a terminal consoleAt end we will click on "Add" button.
=== [[Image:Gparted initialall configured.png|thumb|center]]Create the MSDOS Partition Table ===
The next step it's create the msdos table partition for it you should click in the "Device" menu and then in the "Create Partition Table" option. or
[[ImageFile:Gparted create msdos table partitionimx6_str.png|thumb|center]]Check the default option it's create a msdos partition table after that you can apply.
=== Create the BOOT Partition ===After all apply all changes
The Next step it's create ===Select "Boot flag" for the boot partition===Now we must select the boot flag for the partitions first partition for it you should go to we use the right mouse button over the boot partition menu and select the "NewManage Flags" option then the application show a window like this:
[[Image:Gparted create first partitionboot flag.png|thumb|center]]We will configure Now we have the partition as:<br> microsd prepared for copy the boot files
*Primary Partition<br> ==MLO + u-boot IGEP Boards Texas Instruments based boards==*FormatAfter build or download the MLO and u-boot you should follow the next steps: FAT32<br> *Size: 100 MegaBytes<br> *Label: Boot<br> *'''Align to: cylinder'''
<br> * Copy MLO and u-boot.img to primary boot partition
$ cp MLO u-boot.img /media/user/bootYou can follow this [[Image:Gparted configure boot partition.pngU-Boot Texas Instruments Series|thumb|centerHowTo]]We must "add" if you want build the partition MLO and gparted shows a partitions structure like this.u-boot
=== Create the ROOTFS Partition =u-boot.imx IGEP Boards based on NXP-Freescale Processors==* Copy u-boot.imx using dd before primary partition in raw mode as
The Next step it's create the root filesystem partition sudo dd if=/home/user/u-boot-imx/u-boot. imx of=/dev/sde bs=512 seek=2Where /dev/sde is your microsd card
First you should select the unallocated partition area and then you should go to the partition menu and select the "New" option then the application show a window like You can follow this:<br> [[Image:Gparted create first partition.pngU-boot Freescale-NXP iMX6 Series|thumb|centerHowTo ]] We will configure if you want build the rootfs partition as:<br> u-boot.imx
*Primary Partition<br> ==Kernel==*Format: EXT4<br> *Size: All You can follow this other howto about [[The Linux kernel|how compile and install the Rest<br> *Label: Rootfs<br>Linux Kernel]].
At end ==Root File System==In this tutorial we will click on "Add" buttonuse the [http://downloads.isee.biz/pub/files/linaro/releases/linaro-m-headless-tar-20101108-2.tar.gz linaro headless] (soft floating) image as rootfs but you can use your favorite rootfs also.
<br /> {{Message/Information Message|message=Here there are many articles about how to get '''many other [[Image:Gparted all configured.pngCategory:Software distributions|thumb|centersoftware distributions]] '''.}}
=== Apply all Changes ===<br /> Here you've the [http://downloads.isee.biz/pub/files/linaro/releases/linaro-11.09-nano-n-tar-20110929-0.tar.gz linaro nano 11.09] (soft floating) available for download from the ISEE server.
Clink on Apply changes button in Notes: You must build your programs with the main menu after that gparted show a window like this for confirm all operations hard floating if your rootfs is build with it.
[[ImageNotes:Gparted apply changes.png|thumb|center]]We should click on apply button. IGEPv5 must use Hard floating Rootfs
[[Image:Gparted apply information.png|thumb|center]]When the process finish we can see all changes applied
[[Image:Gparted operations complete.png|thumb|center]]
Now we can see all partitions ===Create the Rootfs mount point===Go to /media directory and configurations done in the main gparted window create one sub-folder called "binary"
=== [[Image:Gparted partitions done.png|thumb|center]]Select "Boot flag" for the boot partition ===<pre>$ cd /media
Now we must select the boot flag for the first partition for it we use the right mouse button over the boot partition and select "Manage Flags" option $ sudo mkdir binary</pre>
[[Image:Gparted boot flag.png|thumb|center]]Now we have ===Mount the microsd prepared for copy RootFS partition===Mount the boot files rootfs partition using the 'binary' directory
= Boot Partition Structure =<pre>$ media > sudo mount /dev/mmcblkp2 /media/binary</pre>
We commented in ===Untar the theory point rootfs package===Copy "linaro-m-headless-tar-20101108-2.tar.gz" file inside the OMAP needs only /media directory and untar the MLO (x-loader) file for boot, we will start checking this point.
Before you follow the next points <pre>$ media > sudo tar xvfz linaro-m-headless-tar-20101108-2.tar.gz</pre><br /> Now you should mount the microsd boot see inside your rootfs partition in your host pca similar structure like this.
Select ===[[Image:Linaro RootFS.png|thumb|center]]Install the boot partition and mount it in kernel modules===Now you should install your hostkernel modules inside your root file system.
[[Image:Microsd partitions<pre>$ media > cd /home/jdoe/linux-omap-2.png|thumb|center]] 6
$ /home/jdoe/linux-omap-2.6> sudo make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabi- modules_install INSTALL_MOD_PATH=/media/binary<br/pre> Alternatively if you downloaded the binary package uncompress it inside the directory /media/binary
== X-Loader (MLO)<br> =Install the kernel Image===Just copy the zImage inside your boot partition, remember before that you must mount your mmc boot partition.
You can follow this other howto about <pre>$ /home/jdoe/linux-omap-2.6> sudo cp arch/arm/boot/zImage /media/boot/if you're using dtb kernel as 3.8.y you must copy the [[The IGEP Xdtb too.$ /home/jdoe/linuz-loader|IGEPomap-X2.6> sudo cp arch/arm/boot/dtbs/omap5-loader]]igep0050. dtb /media/boot
Copy the x-loader.bin.ift into </pre>After that you can unmount the boot partition& rootfs partitions.
[[Image:Copy Xloader.png|thumb|center]] Now we're ready for test our new microsd card
Rename the x-loader=Test your new MicroSD=You can test your new microSD card with a Serial client such as PuTTy.bin[[Using serial debug port to communicate|Here]] is an explanation about how to configure it.ift to MLO<br>
[[Image:Rename Xloader (Note that speed should be configured to MLO.png|thumb|center]]Now we're ready for test the board boot from the microsd card115200 bauds).
=== X-Loader Boot ===If you already have configured it or you are using another Serial client and you have connected the Serial cable to the IGEPv2 board, then you are ready to test your microSD.
We will eject Insert the boot microSD in your IGEPv2 board and rootfs partitions from our Host PC, this step it's a lot important due power up the Linux must sync all changes before eject the microsd cardboard.
We will insert our microSD card into the IGEP board, connect the serial debug cable and open the serial terminal [[Image:Linaro Boot1.png|thumb|center]][[Image:Linaro Boot2.png|thumb|center]]
[[Image:Putty Serial Configuration.png|thumb|center]]Power UP the board.
[[Image:IGEP-X-Loader Boot.png|thumb|center]]
=Related articles== Configure * [[Boot up sequence]]* [[Update the IGEPPRE-X-Loader ===INSTALLED software image to a current release]]* [[The Linux kernel]]
You can use a file like this: <pre>[kernel]; Kernel load address, NOT Modifykaddress=0x80008000; RAM disk load Address, NOT Modify;rdaddress=0x84000000; Board Serial IDserial.low=00000001serial.high=00000000; Board Revisionrevision=0003; Kernel Image NamekImageName=zImage; Kernel RAM Disk Image Name;kRdImageName=initrd.img-2.6.35-1010-linaro-omap [kparams]; Setup the Kernel console paramsconsole=ttyS2,115200n8; Enable early printk;earlyprintk=serial,ttyS2,115200; Setup the Board Memory Configurationmem=430M;mem=512M; Setup the Boot Delayboot_delay=0; Setup the ARM Processor Speed;mpurate=800; Setup the loglevel;loglevel=7; Enable Kernel Debug Output;debug=1; Fix RTC Variable;fixrtc=1; Configure nocompcache variablenocompcache=1; Configure Frame Buffer Configuration;omapfb.mode=dvi:1280x720MR-16@60omapfb.mode=dvi:hd720-16@60; Configure Video Ram assignedvram=40M; Configure Video RAM assigned to every frame bufferomapfb.vram=0:12M,1:16M,2:12M; Configure frame buffer debug output;omapfb.debug=1; Configure DSS Video Debug option;omapdss.debug=1; Configure the Board Ethernet Mac Addresssmsc911x.mac=0xb2,0xb0,0x14,0xb5,0xcd,0xde; --- Configure UBI FS boot --- ;ubi.mtd=2 ;root=ubi0:igep0020-rootfs ;rootfstype=ubifs; --- Configure NFS boot --- ;ip=192.168.2.123:192.168.2.129:192.168.2.1:255.255.255.0::eth0:;root={{Message/dev/nfs;nfsroot=192.168.2.129:/srv/nfs/igep_rootfs; --- Configure MMC boot --- root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rw rootwait; Assign Init program;init=/bin/bashForum}}
</pre> [[Category:Boot loaders]]Create a new file into the boot partition named igep.ini with these content and save the file.[[Category:Software]][[Category:Software distributions]]