Ubuntu 12.04 Multiarch

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Ubuntu 12.04.4 LTS MultiArch (i386 <-> ARM Hard float)

We will learn about configure & install multi-arch packages in our host machine Ubuntu 12.04.4 LTS. This is required when we wish cross compile software using our host machine under Ubuntu/debian environment.

Overview

What we learn? Configure our environment and install cross packages in Ubuntu, after install the packages we will cross compile programs using our ubuntu host.

Host Enviroment

This how to is done using 12.04.4 LTS (32 bits) in your host, you can download it from our server using this link or directly from Ubuntu (Canonical) website. You can install it in a Virtual Machine enviroment using any Virtualization software or directly in your PC.

Host Configuration

We will modify dpkg & apt for use a multi arch environment but what extacly is a multi arch environment?

In our case we will add the architecture ARM Hard float and after that we can install the packages or cross compile packages using our host machine.

The first step is add the multi arch option in dpkg.

Go to /etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg.d and if the directory is empty you must create one file named: multi arch and inside the file we will put this line: foreign-architecture armhf

So this is the result:

pwd
/etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg.d
ls -al
mcaro@mcaro-vm-u12:/etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg.d$ ls -al
total 12
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May  8 10:25 .
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 May  8 09:43 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   27 May  8 10:25 multiarch
mcaro@mcaro-vm-u12:/etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg.d$ cat multiarch 
foreign-architecture armhf
Now we're ready for modify the apt repo sources for our wished new architecture, you should edit the file /etc/apt/sources.list and change the repositories as (I left here a sources.list sample file)

If we want to set any repository you must add the tags:
[arch=i386] intel 32 bits
[arch=armel] ARM soft float 32 bits
[arch=armhf] ARM hard float 32 bits
or both:
[arch=armel,armhf] ARM soft/hard float repo 32 bits
The sources repositories not need to be tagged due sources repositories be the same for all architectures.

# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 12.04.4 LTS _Precise Pangolin_ - Release i386 (20140204)]/ precise main restricted
# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.
deb [arch=i386] http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted

deb [arch=armel,armhf] http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports precise main universe

## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb [arch=i386] http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted

deb [arch=armel,armhf] http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports precise-updates main restricted

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any
## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb [arch=i386] http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise universe
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise universe
deb [arch=i386] http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates universe
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates universe

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu 
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to 
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in 
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
## security team.
deb [arch=i386] http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise multiverse
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise multiverse
deb [arch=i386] http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates multiverse
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates multiverse

## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb [arch=i386] http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse

deb [arch=i386] http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted
deb [arch=i386] http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security universe
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security universe
deb [arch=i386] http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security multiverse
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security multiverse

## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's
## 'partner' repository.
## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the
## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.
deb [arch=i386] http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu precise partner
deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu precise partner

## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by third-party
## developers who want to ship their latest software.
deb [arch=i386] http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main
deb-src http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main

You should add here the repositories for every architecture ...

After that we must execute:

apt-get update

Install ARM packages

If you wish install a new package (in our case we install openssl library) you should do:

mcaro@mcaro-vm-u12:~$ apt-cache search libssl
libssl-dev - SSL development libraries, header files and documentation
libssl-doc - SSL development documentation documentation
libssl1.0.0 - SSL shared libraries
libssl1.0.0-dbg - Symbol tables for libssl and libcrypto
dcmtk - OFFIS DICOM toolkit command line utilities
libcherokee-mod-libssl - Cherokee web server - SSL crypto functions plugin
libdcmtk2 - OFFIS DICOM toolkit runtime libraries
libdcmtk2-dev - OFFIS DICOM toolkit development libraries and headers
libssl-ocaml - OCaml bindings for OpenSSL (runtime)
libssl-ocaml-dev - OCaml bindings for OpenSSL
libssl0.9.8 - SSL shared libraries
libssl0.9.8-dbg - Symbol tables for libssl and libcrypto
libsslcommon2 - enterprise messaging system - common SSL libraries
libsslcommon2-dev - enterprise messaging system - common SSL development files

and after found your desired library:

sudo apt-get install libssl1.0.0:armhf

Adding ":armhf" at end you set the ARM hard floating version to set installed. If you don't set the arch apt-get will install your default arch package (in this case i386).

[[Category:IGEPv5_Ubuntu_Releases]]