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= Summary<br><br> =X-Loader, an initial program loader for Embedded boards based on OMAP processors.
= Features and Limitations<br> Why IGEP-Xloader=Some important reasons exist for using this bootloader on IGEP boards.
== Improvements & Modifications<br> Security==This is one of the most important reasons why we develop this new IGEP X-loader. you will Probably know that flash devices get new bad memory blocks with normal usage that can make unusable or can damange the software residing inside the flash (ex: upgrading the software, copying a new kernel ... ), in these cases your board won't be usable anymore if you don't use a right nand filesystem that insures data integrity. Using the old schema we've 4 important partitions on flash without any protection, x-loader, u-boot, u-boot enviroment and kernel.
== Limitations<br> Maintenance==With the old schema 3 different software existed (x-loader, u-boot, kernel) that did exactly the same job, so you had to reconfigure the board, increasing the complexity of maintenance for the board system and provide a major bug source because we had to assure that all software was aligned with all changes. Also, from a second point of view, we did the job three times so the boot process was more complex and slow.
== TODO<br> Upgrade faster and easy==Upgradint to a new kernel it's easier and faster, you only need to copy the new kernel inside the boot partition, copy your new igep.ini inside and reboot the board with all security.
=Features and Limitations===Improvements & Modifications==* Added malloc/free functionality.* Added mtd framework and onenand support, removed the old onenand drivers.* Added fs jffs2 support using mtd & onenand support (Read Only).* Added crc32 and zlib.* Jffs2 zlib compression support (Read Only).* Dual boot mmc & onenand with mmc highest priority.*Added Linux kernel boot directly (Support for IGEP0030 - Family boards2.6.22 and highest version kernels)* Linux kernel supported images: vmlinuz, bzImage and zImage. *Support for other OMAP/DM/AM processor boardsloading Linux Ram disk (EXPERIMENTAL)* Added "ini" files parser.* The configuration resides in a plain txt (ini format file).* Support Windows & Linux formating ini files.* boot from mmc, onenand, or mix with mmc highest priority. *Remove Added codeblocks project and compilation warningsrules.* Added support for vfat32 extra names.* Configure TPS65950 voltage to 1.35V if it's used a DM3730 processor. *Comments Added new parameter MachineID in kernel tag lines<br>file, with it you can* - configure the kernel board ID setup* Added new parameter buddy for kernels 2.6.35.y and 2.6.37.y* Optimize some LPDDR Memory configuration values* Removed some OneNand Debug information* Removed some FAT incorrect warnings* Added Support Initial Ram disk* Reconfigure Makefile options* Support Kernels 2.6.35, 2.6.37, 3.6.4* Added support for boot ARM binary files (such u-boot or QNX kernel)* Support for Numonyx, Micron and hynix POP Memories.* Memory autodetection.* Added GPTimer functionality.* Support Numonyx, Micron and hynix memories.* DMA Copy support* Omtimized memcpy and memset functions.* DSS Video driver.* Support ISEE toolchain yocto 1.2 based.
== STATUS<br> Limitations==* The ini configuration file it's limited to max size: 16 KiB* Kernel Command line parameters it's limited to: 4 KiB* Malloc it's hardcode limited to 32 MiB.* Video is limited to 1024 x 768 x 16 bits.* Video Memory is limited to 1280 x 720 x 32 bits.
==TODO==*Support IGEP0020 Revision B & C family boardsRemove compilation warnings. *Tested with IGEPv2 (DM3730@1Ghz and 512/512 MB Ram/Onenand) System Rescue.*Tested with IGEPv2 (AM3703@1Ghz Improve boot selection and 512/512 MB Ram/Onenand) priority.*Tested with IGEPv2 (OMAP3530@720Mhz and 512/512 MB Ram/Onenand)<br>Remove unused code.
= Build Procedure<br> =STATUS==* Support:** IGEPv2 DM3730** IGEPv2 OMAP3530** IGEP COM MODULE DM3730** IGEP COM PROTON DM3730** IGEP COM MODULE AM3703
== Build VERSION CHANGES==[2.1.0-1] This version only can be build with Ubuntu Cross Compiler gcc linaro 4.5.1 ==2 other compilers be not supported.
=== Configure Setup the board settings<br> build setup===<pre>make igep0020-sdcard_config</pre><pre>Edit the variable CFLAGS and add the option: -fno-stack-protectorCFLAGS := $(CPPFLAGS) -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fno-stack-protectorigep00x0_config</pre> === Build<br> the software===<pre>make CROSS_COMPILE=arm-none-linux-gnueabi-</pre> === Sign the binary x-loader (Only versions prior to 2.5.0-x)===''You should execute contrib/signGP for sign the xloader.''
<pre>contrib/signGP x-load.bin
The signed x-loader it's named: x-load.bin.ift
</pre> = BOOT<br> =Build Native=====Download from git repository=== =git clone https://git.isee.biz/arm-boot/igep-x-loader.git git checkout <your_desired_release> -b <your_name_release>
== MMC Boot =Configure the board settings===<pre>make igep00x0_config</pre><pre>Edit the variable CFLAGS and add the option: -fno-stack-protectorCFLAGS := $(CPPFLAGS) -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fno-stack-protector</pre>===Build===<pre>make CROSS_COMPILE=arm-none-linux-gnueabi-</pre>===Sign the binary x-loader===''You should execute contrib/signGP for sign the xloader.''
<pre>contrib/signGP x-load.binThe signed x-loader it's named: x-load.bin.ift</pre>=BOOT== Prepare The IGEP X-Loader must reside in the microsd microSD card ===or in the Nand Memory.
==MMC Boot=====Prepare the microsd card===You can follow this howto about how [http://code.google.com/p/beagleboard/wiki/LinuxBootDiskFormat prepare the microsd card]. or [[How to boot from MicroSD Card]]
Get a new mmc microsd card and create two partitions, the first one must be fat fat16/32 and the second one can be formated in any format type supported by linux kernel.<br>
=== Copy the files in the first (FAT) partition ===In the first partition you must copy in this order:
<pre> 48 /* Linux Images */
49 const char* LinuxImageNames [] = {
or you can set the name for your kernel in the configuration file using the tag: kImageName
</pre> Don't use a uImage kernel format (from uboot), only standard kernel formats it's be supported.
'''kernel build command example''': <pre>$make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabi- zImage modules</pre> === Second Partition ===
Example: <pre>sudo make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-poky-linux-gnueabi- modules_install INSTALL_MOD_PATH= OneNand Partitions[path to your target rootfs]<br/pre> ==Nand Boot=====Nand Partitions===We've defined 3 partitions on the Nand Memory.
<pre>MTD partitions on "omap2-onenand":
(a) 0x000000000000-0x000000080000 : "X-Loader"
(b) 0x000000080000-0x000000c80000 : "Boot"
(c) 0x000000c80000-0x000020000000 : "File System"
</pre> ==== X-Loader Partition ====* Not fs formated (onenand raw)* Size: 0x80000 (512 KiB)* The xloader must be signed before copy it into the flash memory.
Sign the x-loader before write it on the flash or microsd card.
Sign x-loader:
You should execute contrib/signGP for sign the xloader that resides inside the flash memory.
The signed x-loader it's named: x-load.bin.ift
<pre>Suggested procedure:
Erase all mtd1 content:
flash_eraseall /dev/mtd1
<u></u>You can mount the partition over your boot directory in the rootfs <pre>$mount /dev/mtdblck1 /boot</pre> And you can use the cp command for copy your kernel and igep.ini configuration file. <pre>$cp igep.ini /boot</pre> ==== Rootfs Partition ====
<pre>cp igep.ini /bootcp zImage /boot</pre>== Boot Priority ==Rootfs Partition====* fs (your prefered fs supported by linux, maybe a good choice it should be ubifs)* Size, all or you can create more partitions if you wish ... :)
==Boot Priority==XLoader first try load from mmc and if it fails then try from OneNand.<br>
'''MLO (x-loader), igep.ini, zImage from MMC'''<br/>If all it's present in the mmc it don't try to boot from Onenand.<br>
'''MLO (x-loader) in MMC, igep.ini and zImage in Onenand.'''<br/>If only MLO it's provided this one try to load the other information from the Onenand.
It means that XLoader always try to load the information from MMC and if it fails then try to load from OneNand.
== Configuration file: igep.ini ==[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INI_file This entry in wikipedia] can help you how a ini file it's structured.
Inside the sources/scripts directory you can found a [http://engit.wikipediaisee.orgbiz/?p=pub/wikiscm/INI_file This entry in wikipedia] can help you how igep-x-loader.git;a =blob;f=scripts/igep.ini;h=ce093fe80c81d8888bf79464f847059b312bba83;hb=refs/heads/master igep.ini ] example file it's structured.
The actual XLoader can handle two kind tags:
[kernel] Used for internal XLoader setup.<br>
[kparams] Used for pass the linux kernel parameters.
=== TAG: [kernel] ===
<pre> 1 [kernel]
2 kaddress=0x80008000
3 rdaddress=0x840000000x81600000
4 serial.low=00000001
5 serial.high=00000000
7 kImageName=zImage-test
8 kRdImageName=rdImage-test
9 MachineID=xxxx Where Machine ID = 2344 for IGEPv2, ID = 2717 for IGEP COM Module, ID = 3203 for IGEP COM PROTON
10 Mode=<kernel> or <binary>
11 dss=<0 or 1> Enable or Disable Video Output
12 dss_color=<0x00FF8000> Write your desired color in hex value
13 dss_bitmap=<filename> Raw display image</pre>
{| border="1" width="800" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1"
|-
||Parameter Name
||Description
||Default Value
||Comments
|-
||kaddress
||Kernel copy address
||0x80008000
||hex memory address
|-
||rdaddress
||Ram Disk location address
||0x81600000
||hex memory address
|-
||serial.low
||Serial number (low part)
||0 - 99999999
||numeric
|-
||serial.high
||Serial number (high part)
||0 - 99999999
||numeric
|-
||revision
||Revision ID
||0 - 9999
||numeric
|-
||kImageName
||Kernel, binary image name
||N/A
||Kernel or binary image name
|-
||kRdImageName
||Ramdisk
||N/A
||Ram Disk image name
|-
||MachineID
||Machine ID (kernel ID)
||2717
||2717 (IGEP COM Module) | 2344 IGEPv2 | 3203 (IGEP COM PROTON)
|-
||Mode
||Boot Mode
||kernel
||kernel=linux kernel / binary=boot binary image
|-
||dss
||Enable Video
||0
||0 = Disable, 1 Enable Video Output
|-
||dss_color
||Video Color
||0x00FF8000
||Solid Color
|-
||dss_bitmap
||Video Bitmap Image
||string
||filename with desired image
|}
<pre> 10 [kparams]
11 console=ttyS2,115200n8
Also remember you can comment any line using ';' or '#' characters.
</pre> = FAQ =
=FAQ=== How I can boot from NFS? ==Yes, you should add below parameters in the kparams tag:
<pre>#smsc911x.mac fix your mac address
smsc911x.mac=0xb2,0xb0,0x14,0xb5,0xcd,0xde
root=/dev/nfs
# Set your NFS root path as <server_ip>:<rootfs_path>
nfsroot=192.168.2.105:/srv/nfs/linaro_minimal</pre>==How I can change the assigned kernel memory?==You can use the mem kernel variable as assign your desired kernel memory as: <pre>[kparams]mem=430M</pre>==How I can add more kernel variables?==You can add more variables creating a new variable - value pair under kparams tag as: <pre>boot_delay=0</pre>==How I can modify my MAC address?==You can assign your desired mac address using the variable smsc911x.mac as: <pre>smsc911x.mac=0xb2,0xb0,0x14,0xb5,0xcd,0xde</pre>==How I can boot my board using ubi root filesystem?==You should use these parameters: <pre>ubi.mtd=2 root=ubi0:igep0020-rootfs rootfstype=ubifs</pre>==How I can boot my board using a RAM disk?==Use a RAMdisk it's fully supported. <pre>[kernel]rdaddress=0x81600000kRdImageName=ramdisk.bin [kparams]root=/dev/ram0 rw
</pre>
==Can I change the Processor frecuency?==
Yes you can, IGEP X-loader configures the processor to boot at 600 Mhz you can select a different boot speed using the variable mpurate as:
<pre>mpurate=800</pre>
If you don't force any frequency the linux kernel will put your processor at the maximum speed (ex: DM3730 will run at 1 Ghz)
==How I can boot downloading the kernel using wget?==
The way for do that it's using one minimal kernel and RAMdisk (ex: using image-core-minimal from poky), the procedure can be more or less:
a) Copy your minimal kernel and your Ramdisk inside the boot partition.
b) Boot Normally from this kernel and Ramdisk, create one script your your desired command such wget http://192.168.15.22/mykernel.bin
c) Execute the script when boot (you can do that adding the script to the init enviroment)
d) if the downloading it's ok then execute the kexec call, first load the kernel and then pass to it your desired parameters.
e) finally boot the new kernel with kexec.
==My board not boot and I don't know what to do ...==
When you test your IGEP X-loader, igep.ini file and kernel we suggest use a microsd card in front of use directly the flash nand, if your flash not boot copy all files in one microsd card and boot from there. You can check what happens removing some files from your microsd card for example if you wish test if your flashed kernel it's loaded in a right way then remove the kernel from your microsd card (note: use the same kernel name), IGEP X-loader first try load the file from your microsd card but if it's not found then it try to find the file in the flash.
==How I can upgrade my old kernel?==
Just copy the new one, the most secure way it's copy the new one and at end replace the igep.ini file with your new one.
<pre> mount -t jffs2 /dev/mtdblock1 /boot
cp newkernel.bin /boot
cp igep.ini /boot</pre>
Use a different kernel name and you always can boot from your old one.
= 6 Contribution & Support & Bugs Report =Contributions to this project be welcome and you can send your patches to support@iseebcn.com or you can use the igep forum for it.<br />You can access to IGEP-x-Loader repository using our git at [http://git.isee.biz/?p=pub/scm/igep-x-loader.git;a=summary git.isee.biz]<br />IGEP IRC Channel: [http://webchat.freenode.net/?channels=igep http://webchat.freenode.net/?channels=igep]
[[Category:How_to_forgeBoot_loaders|X_Loader]]