= Introduction Overview=This how to explains how to '''create a microSD card''' to boot IGEP boards with '''software distributions ( yocto, Ubuntu, Debian ...)'''.
This how to explains how to boot IGEPv2 or IGEP Module using a microSD card. __TOC__
== Theory ==OMAP35xx, DM37xx, AM335x, OMAP5, iMX6 processors can boot from a microSD. All IGEP boards use the microSD card as highest boot priority, it means that the processor try to boot from the microsd card before try to boot from other devices such the OneNand, Nand, SSD or eMMC.
OMAP35xx or DM37xx processors can Exist some rules to boot from a microSD. IGEPv2 or IGEP Module uses the microSD card as highest boot priority, it means that the processor try to boot from the microsd card before try to boot from other devices such the OneNand.
Exist some rules for ===Texas Instruments Processors===* The microsd card must be content at latest 2 partitions.* The first one must be primary partition with the boot from flag mark and formated using FAT(16 or 32) file system.* All names used in this partition must be msdos names (applies to OLD OMAP35xx processor).* The processor must load a microSD cardfirst program called '''MLO''', this program must reside in the first partition, this program it's also called '''x-loader or uboot-spl. '''
*''The microsd card must be content at latest 2 partitions. *The first one must be primary partition with the processor when boot flag mark ONLY load and formated using FAT file system. *All names used in this partition must be msdos names, it means you cannot use a extended names. *The processor must load a first program called '''execute the MLO''', this program must reside in and ignore all the first partition, this program rest it's also called '''xthe X-loader(MLO) the program responsible to load the next programs such kernel or uboot if you use this last one approach.'''
''===Freescale-NXP Processors===* The microsd card must be content at latest 1 partitions.* The primary partition can be formatted with any filesystem that u-boot can mount.* The processor ONLY Processor will load and execute the MLO program and ignore all the rest it's the X''u-loader(MLO) the program responsible to load the next programs such kernel or uboot if you use this last one approachboot.imx'''it include the SPL and u-boot.
== Prerequisites ==''After load this u-boot.imx, u-boot will be ready for boot the kernel.''
*PC Therefore, we are going to '''setup a microSD card with Linux (We use for this how to Ubuntu 11.04) *MicroSD Card (4 Gbytes - class 4) *Tools such, fdisk, mkfs.ext3, mkfs.vfat, gparted ... *ToolChainthese requirements''' and '''install a custom software distribution''' into it.
== ToolChain<br> Prerequisites==* PC with Linux (We use for this how to Ubuntu 16.04 LTS)* MicroSD Card (4 Gbytes - class 4) or bigger ...* Tools such, fdisk, mkfs.ext3, mkfs.vfat, gparted ...* Cross Toolchain included in Ubuntu 16.04 LTS gcc version 4.9.3 (Ubuntu/Linaro 4.9.3-13ubuntu2).
We will use the ==ToolChain==* Read: [[Ubuntu/Linaro 16.04 LTS Toolchain in this howto. ]]
You can install it ==Preparing the microSD card==Open a terminal window and clear your dmesg using synaptic package manager. :
[[Image<pre>sudo dmesg -c</pre>Now insert a new microsd card in your PC and then check your dmesg:LinaroUbuntu ToolChain.png|center|544x344px]]
= Preparing the microSD card =<pre>dmesg</pre>You should see something like this:
Insert a new microsd card in your PC, you should see in your dmesg something like this after insert a new microsd card:
<pre>mmc0: new high speed SDHC card at address 0001
mmcblk0: mmc0:0001 00000 3.79 GiB
mmcblk0: unknown partition table
</pre> Ensure all in your microsd card it's erased:<br>
<pre>$ sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/mmcblk0 bs=1024 count=1024
[sudo] password for jdoe:
1024+0 records in
1024+0 records out
1048576 bytes (1.0 MB) copied, 0.43556 s, 2.4 MB/s</pre> == Install GParted ==We will use the gparted program for create the partitions, if you don't have this program installed then you must install it with this command: <pre>sudo apt-get install gparted</pre>
We will use the gparted program for create the partitions, if you don't have this program installed then you must install it with this command:
<pre>sudo apt-get install gparted</pre>
== GParted ==
==GParted and Creation of Partitions==When the install procedure ends you can call the program from your system tools menu or directly using a terminal console.
=== [[Image:Gparted initial.png|thumb|center]]Create the MSDOS Partition Table ===
===Create the MSDOS Partition Table===The next step it's create the msdos table partition for it you should click in the "Device" menu and then in the "Create Partition Table" option.
[[Image:Gparted create msdos table partition.png|thumb|center]]Check the default option it's create a msdos partition table.<br>
After that you can '''Apply'''.
=== Create the BOOT Partition ===
The Next step it's create the partitions for it you should go to the partition menu and select the "New" option then the application show a window like this:
[[Image:Gparted create first partition===Create the BOOT Partition - IGEP Texas Instruments Processor based===<u>This Step it's only for OMAP35xx, DM37xx, AM335x, OMAP5432 processor based IGEP boards.png|thumb|center]]We will configure the partition as:<br/u>
*Primary Partition<br> *Format: FAT32<br> *Size: 100 MegaBytes<br> *Label: Boot<br> *''The Next step it'Align s create the partitions for it you should go tothe partition menu and select the "New" option then the application show a window like this: cylinder'''
<br> [[Image:Gparted create first partition.png|thumb|center]]We must "add" will configure the partition and gparted shows a partitions structure like thisas:
[[Image* Primary Partition* Format:Gparted configure boot partition.png|thumb|center]] FAT32* Size: 100 MegaBytes* Free Space Preceding: 0 MiB* Label: Boot* '''Align to: cylinder'''
It is recommended to '''apply changes''' now or you might get an error later.
=== Create the ROOTFS BOOT Partition - IGEP NXP-Freescale Processor based=== The Next step <u>This Step it's create the root file system partitiononly for iMX6 processor based IGEP boards. </u>
First you should select The Next step it's create the unallocated partition area and then partitions for it you should go to the partition menu and select the "New" option then the application show a window like this:<br> [[Image:Gparted create first partition.png|thumb|center]] We will configure the rootfs partition as:<br>
*Primary Partition<br> *Format[[File: EXT4<br> *Size: All the Rest<br> *Label: Rootfs'''<br>'''imx6-primary-part.png|thumb|center]]
At end we We will click on "Add" button. configure the partition as:
[[Image* Primary Partition* Format:Gparted all configured.png|thumb|center]]FAT32* Free Space Preceding: 8 MiB* Size: 100 MegaBytes* Label: Boot* '''Align to: cylinder'''
=== Apply all Changes ===
Click on It is recommended to '''apply button in the main menu after that gparted show a window like this for confirm all operations changes''' now or you might get an error later.
[[Image:Gparted apply changes.png|thumb|center]]We should click on apply button===Create the ROOTFS Partition===The Next step it's create the root file system partition.
First you should select the unallocated partition area and then you should go to the partition menu and select the "New" option then the application show a window like this:<br /> [[Image:Gparted apply informationcreate first partition.png|thumb|center]]When We will configure the process finish we can see all changes applied rootfs partition as:
[[Image* Primary Partition* Format:Gparted operations complete.png|thumb|center]] EXT4* Size: All the Rest* Label: Rootfs'''<br />'''
Now At end we can see all partitions and configurations done in the main gparted windowwill click on "Add" button.
=== [[Image:Gparted partitions doneall configured.png|thumb|center]]Select "Boot flag" for the boot partition === Now we must select the boot flag for the first partition for it we use the right mouse button over the boot partition and select "Manage Flags" option [[Image:Gparted boot flag.png|thumb|center]]Now we have the microsd prepared for copy the boot files = Boot Partition Structure = We commented in the theory point the OMAP needs only the MLO (x-loader) file for boot, we will start checking this point. Before you follow the next points you should mount the microsd boot partition in your host pc. Select the boot partition and mount it in your host. [[Image:Microsd partitions.png|thumb|center]] <br> == X-Loader (MLO)<br> == You can follow this other howto about the [[The IGEP X-loader|IGEP-X-loader]]. <pre>We will compile the sources from our git repository: $/home/jdoe> git clone git://git.igep.es/pub/scm/igep-x-loader.git $/home/jdoe> cd igep-x-loader $/home/jdoe/igep-x-loader> make igep0020-sdcard_config $/home/jdoe/igep-x-loader> make $/home/jdoe/igep-x-loader> contrib/signGP</pre> Copy the x-loader.bin.ift into the boot partition. [[Image:Copy Xloader.png|thumb|center]] Rename the x-loader.bin.ift to MLO<br> [[Image:Rename Xloader to MLO.png|thumb|center]]Now we're ready for test the board boot from the microsd card. === X-Loader Boot ===
We will eject the boot and rootfs partitions from our Host PC, this step it's a lot important due the Linux must sync all changes before eject the microsd card. or
We will insert our microSD card into the IGEP board, connect the serial debug cable and open the serial terminal [[File:imx6_str.png|thumb|center]]
[[Image:Putty Serial Configuration.png|thumb|center]]Power UP the board. After all apply all changes
[[Image:IGEP-X-Loader ===Select "Boot.png|thumb|center]] flag" for the boot partition===Now we must select the boot flag for the first partition for it we use the right mouse button over the boot partition and select "Manage Flags" option
=== Configure [[Image:Gparted boot flag.png|thumb|center]]Now we have the IGEP-X-Loader ===microsd prepared for copy the boot files
You can use a file like this: <pre>[kernel]; Kernel load address, NOT Modifykaddress=0x80008000; RAM disk load Address, NOT Modify;rdaddress=0x84000000; Board Serial IDserial.low=00000001serial.high=00000000; Board Revisionrevision=0003; Kernel Image NamekImageName=zImage; Kernel RAM Disk Image Name;kRdImageName=initrd.imgMLO + u-2.6.35-1010-linaro-omap [kparams]; Setup the Kernel console paramsconsole=ttyS2,115200n8; Enable early printk;earlyprintk=serial,ttyS2,115200; Setup the Board Memory Configurationmemboot IGEP Boards Texas Instruments based boards=430M;mem=512M; Setup After build or download the Boot Delayboot_delay=0; Setup the ARM Processor Speed;mpurate=800; Setup the loglevel;loglevel=7; Enable Kernel Debug Output;debug=1; Fix RTC Variable;fixrtc=1; Configure nocompcache variablenocompcache=1; Configure Frame Buffer Configuration;omapfb.mode=dvi:1280x720MRMLO and u-16@60omapfb.mode=dvi:hd720-16@60; Configure Video Ram assignedvram=40M; Configure Video RAM assigned to every frame bufferomapfb.vram=0:12M,1:16M,2:12M; Configure frame buffer debug output;omapfb.debug=1; Configure DSS Video Debug option;omapdss.debug=1; Configure boot you should follow the Board Ethernet Mac Addresssmsc911x.mac=0xb2,0xb0,0x14,0xb5,0xcd,0xde; --- Configure UBI FS boot --- ;ubi.mtd=2 ;root=ubi0:igep0020-rootfs ;rootfstype=ubifs; --- Configure NFS boot --- ;ip=192.168.2.123:192.168.2.129:192.168.2.1:255.255.255.0::eth0next steps:;root=/dev/nfs;nfsroot=192.168.2.129:/srv/nfs/igep_rootfs; --- Configure MMC boot --- root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rw rootwait; Assign Init program;init=/bin/bash
</pre> Create a new file into the * Copy MLO and u-boot.img to primary boot partition named igep.ini with these content and save the file.
== Kernel & Rootfs ==$ cp MLO u-boot.img /media/user/bootYou can follow this [[U-Boot Texas Instruments Series|HowTo]] if you want build the MLO and u-boot
You can follow this other howto about [[The Linux kernel|how compile and install the Linux Kernel]]==u-boot. imx IGEP Boards based on NXP-Freescale Processors==* Copy u-boot.imx using dd before primary partition in raw mode as
In our case we build the kernel sources from zero:<br> sudo dd if=/home/user/u-boot-imx/u-boot.imx of=/dev/sde bs=512 seek=2<pre>a) Clone the Kernel git repositoryWhere /dev/sde is your microsd card
$/home/jdoe/> git clone git://git.igep.es/pub/scm/linuxYou can follow this [[U-boot Freescale-omapNXP iMX6 Series|HowTo ]]if you want build the u-2.6boot.gitimx
$/home/jdoe> cd linux-omap-2==Kernel==You can follow this other howto about [[The Linux kernel|how compile and install the Linux Kernel]].6
b) Checkout your desired branch (==Root File System==In this tutorial we used for this howto will use the [http://downloads.isee.biz/pub/files/linaro/releases/linaro-m-headless-tar-20101108-2.6tar.35gz linaro headless] (soft floating) image as rootfs but you can use your favorite rootfs also.y)
$<br /home> {{Message/jdoe/linux-omap-2.6> git checkout origin/linux-2.6.35.y -b linux-2-6-35Information Message|message=Here there are many articles about how to get '''many other [[:Category:Software distributions|software distributions]]'''.y}}
c<br /> Here you've the [http://downloads.isee.biz/pub/files/linaro/releases/linaro-11.09-nano-n-tar-20110929-0.tar.gz linaro nano 11.09] (soft floating) Configure available for download from the kernelISEE server.
$/home/jdoe/linux-omap-2Notes: You must build your programs with the hard floating if your rootfs is build with it.6> make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabi- igep0020_defconfig
d) Build the kernel and ModulesNotes: IGEPv5 must use Hard floating Rootfs
$/home/jdoe/linux-omap-2.6> make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabi- zImage modules
</pre>
Notes: The kernel binary resides inside the directory: $/home/jdoe/linux-omap-2.6/arch/arm/boot/'''zImage'''
We will use the [http://downloads.igep.es/files/linaro-m-headless-tar-20101108-2.tar.gz linaro headless] image as rootfs but you can use your favorite rootfs also.
=== Create the Rootfs mount point ===Go to /media directory and create one sub-folder called "binary"
Go to /media directory and create one sub-folder called "binary"
<pre>$ cd /media
$ sudo mkdir binary
</pre> === Mount the RootFS partition ===Mount the rootfs partition using the 'binary' directory
Mount the rootfs partition using the 'binary' directory
<pre>$ media > sudo mount /dev/mmcblkp2 /media/binary
</pre> === Untar the rootfs package ===Copy "linaro-m-headless-tar-20101108-2.tar.gz" file inside the /media directory and untar the file
Copy "linaro-m-headless-tar-20101108-2.tar.gz" file inside the /media directory and untar the file <pre>$ media > sudo tar xvfz linaro-m-headless-tar-20101108-2.tar.gz</pre> <br
/> Now you should see inside your rootfs partition a similar structure like this.
<br> === [[Image:Linaro RootFS.png|thumb|center]]Install the kernel modules<br> ===Now you should install your kernel modules inside your root file system.
Now you should install your kernel modules inside your root file system.<br>
<pre>$ media > cd /home/jdoe/linux-omap-2.6
$ /home/jdoe/linux-omap-2.6> sudo make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabi- modules_install INSTALL_MOD_PATH=/media/binary
</pre>
Alternatively if you downloaded the binary package uncompress it inside the directory /media/binary
</pre> === Install the kernel Image<br> ===Just copy the zImage inside your boot partition, remember before that you must mount your mmc boot partition.
Just copy the zImage inside your boot partition, remember before that you must mount your mmc boot partition.<br>
<pre>$ /home/jdoe/linux-omap-2.6> sudo cp arch/arm/boot/zImage /media/boot/
</pre> After that if you're using dtb kernel as 3.8.y you can unmount must copy the boot dtb too.$ /home/jdoe/linuz-omap-2.6&gt; rootfs partitionssudo cp arch/arm/boot/dtbs/omap5-igep0050. dtb /media/boot
Now we're ready for test our new microsd card<br/pre>After that you can unmount the boot & rootfs partitions.
= Test your Now we're ready for test our new MicroSD<br> =microsd card
=Test your new MicroSD=You can test your new microSD card with a Serial client such as PuTTy. [[Serial_Console_(PuTTy)Using serial debug port to communicate|Here]] is an explanation about how to configure it.
(Note that speed should be configured to 15200115200 bauds).
If you already have configured it or you are using another Serial client and you have connected the Serial cable to the IGEPv2 board, then you are ready to test your microSD.
Insert the microSD in your IGEPv2 board and power up the board. [[Image:Linaro Boot1.png|thumb|center]][[Image:Linaro Boot2.png|thumb|center]] =Related articles=* [[Boot up sequence]]* [[Update the PRE-INSTALLED software image to a current release]]* [[The Linux kernel]]
[[Image:Linaro Boot1.png|thumb|center]][[Image:Linaro Boot2.png|thumb|center]] {{Message/Forum}}
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