= Introduction Overview=This how to explains how to '''create a microSD card''' to boot IGEP boards with '''software distributions ( yocto, Ubuntu, Debian ...)'''.
This how to explains how to boot IGEPv2 or IGEP Module using a microSD card. __TOC__
== Theory ==OMAP35xx, DM37xx, AM335x, OMAP5, iMX6 processors can boot from a microSD. All IGEP boards use the microSD card as highest boot priority, it means that the processor try to boot from the microsd card before try to boot from other devices such the OneNand, Nand, SSD or eMMC.
OMAP35xx or DM37xx processors can Exist some rules to boot from a microSD. IGEPv2 or IGEP Module uses the microSD card as highest boot priority, it means that the processor try to boot from the microsd card before try to boot from other devices such the OneNand.
Exist some rules for ===Texas Instruments Processors===* The microsd card must be content at latest 2 partitions.* The first one must be primary partition with the boot from flag mark and formated using FAT(16 or 32) file system.* All names used in this partition must be msdos names (applies to OLD OMAP35xx processor).* The processor must load a microSD cardfirst program called '''MLO''', this program must reside in the first partition, this program it's also called '''x-loader or uboot-spl. '''
*''The microsd card must be content at latest 2 partitions. *The first one must be primary partition with the processor when boot flag mark ONLY load and formated using FAT filesystem. *All names used in this partition must be msdos names, it means you cannot use a extended names. *The processor must load a first program called '''execute the MLO''', this program must reside in and ignore all the first partition, this program rest it's also called '''xthe X-loader(MLO) the program responsible to load the next programs such kernel or uboot if you use this last one approach.'''
''===Freescale-NXP Processors===* The microsd card must be content at latest 1 partitions.* The primary partition can be formatted with any filesystem that u-boot can mount.* The processor ONLY Processor will load and execute the MLO program and ignore all the rest'''u-boot.imx''' it include the SPL and u-boot.
== Prerequisites ==''After load this u-boot.imx, u-boot will be ready for boot the kernel.''
*PC Therefore, we are going to '''setup a microSD card with Linux (We use for this how to Ubuntu 11.04) *MicroSD Card (4 Gbytes - class 4) *Tools such, fdisk, mkfs.ext3, mkfs.vfat, gparted ..these requirements''' and '''install a custom software distribution''' into it.
<br> ==Prerequisites==* PC with Linux (We use for this how to Ubuntu 16.04 LTS)* MicroSD Card (4 Gbytes - class 4) or bigger ...* Tools such, fdisk, mkfs.ext3, mkfs.vfat, gparted ...* Cross Toolchain included in Ubuntu 16.04 LTS gcc version 4.9.3 (Ubuntu/Linaro 4.9.3-13ubuntu2).
==ToolChain==* Read: [[Ubuntu 16.04 LTS Toolchain]] == Preparing the microSD card ==Open a terminal window and clear your dmesg using: <pre>sudo dmesg -c</pre>Now insert a new microsd card in your PC and then check your dmesg: <pre>dmesg</pre>You should see something like this:
Insert a new microsd card in your PC, you should see in your dmesg somthing like this after insert a new microsd card:
<pre>mmc0: new high speed SDHC card at address 0001
mmcblk0: mmc0:0001 00000 3.79 GiB
mmcblk0: unknown partition table
</pre> Ensure all in your microsd card it's erased:<br>
<pre>$ sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/mmcblk0 bs=1024 count=1024
[sudo] password for jdoe:
1024+0 records in
1024+0 records out
1048576 bytes (1.0 MB) copied, 0.43556 s, 2.4 MB/s</pre> == Install GParted ==We will use the gparted program for create the partitions, if you don't have this program installed then you must install it with this command: <pre>sudo apt-get install gparted</pre> ==GParted and Creation of Partitions==When the install procedure ends you can call the program from your system tools menu or directly using a terminal console. [[Image:Gparted initial.png|thumb|center]] ===Create the MSDOS Partition Table===The next step it's create the msdos table partition for it you should click in the "Device" menu and then in the "Create Partition Table" option. [[Image:Gparted create msdos table partition.png|thumb|center]]Check the default option it's create a msdos partition table. After that you can '''Apply'''. ===Create the BOOT Partition - IGEP Texas Instruments Processor based===<u>This Step it's only for OMAP35xx, DM37xx, AM335x, OMAP5432 processor based IGEP boards.</u> The Next step it's create the partitions for it you should go to the partition menu and select the "New" option then the application show a window like this: [[Image:Gparted create first partition.png|thumb|center]]We will configure the partition as: * Primary Partition* Format: FAT32* Size: 100 MegaBytes* Free Space Preceding: 0 MiB* Label: Boot* '''Align to: cylinder''' It is recommended to '''apply changes''' now or you might get an error later. ===Create the BOOT Partition - IGEP NXP-Freescale Processor based===<u>This Step it's only for iMX6 processor based IGEP boards.</u>
We will use the gparted program for The Next step it's create the partitions, if for it you don't have this program installed should go to the partition menu and select the "New" option then you must install it with the application show a window like this command: <pre>sudo apt-get install gparted</pre> == GParted ==
When the install procedure ends you can call the program from your system tools menu or directly using a terminal console[[File:imx6-primary-part. png|thumb|center]]
=== [[ImageWe will configure the partition as:Gparted initial.png|thumb|center]]Create the MSDOS Partition Table ===
The next step it* Primary Partition* Format: FAT32* Free Space Preceding: 8 MiB* Size: 100 MegaBytes* Label: Boot* '''Align to: cylinder'''s create the msdos table partition for it you should click in the "Device" menu and then in the "Create Partition Table" option.
[[Image:Gparted create msdos table partition.png|thumb|center]]Check the default option it's create a msdos partition table after that you can apply.
=== Create the BOOT Partition ===It is recommended to '''apply changes''' now or you might get an error later.
===Create the ROOTFS Partition===The Next step it's create the partitions for it you should go to the root file system partition menu and select the "New" option then the application show a window like this: .
First you should select the unallocated partition area and then you should go to the partition menu and select the "New" option then the application show a window like this:<br /> [[Image:Gparted create first partition.png|thumb|center]]We will configure the rootfs partition as:<br>
*Primary Partition<br> *Format: FAT32<br> EXT4*Size: 100 MegaBytes<br> All the Rest*Label: BootRootfs'''<br/> *'''Align to: cylinder'''
<br> At end we will click on "Add" button.
[[Image:Gparted configure boot partitionall configured.png|thumb|center]]We must "add" the partition and gparted shows a partitions structure like this.
=== Create the ROOTFS Partition ===or
The Next step it's create the root filesystem partition[[File:imx6_str. png|thumb|center]]
First you should select the unallocated partition area and then you should go to the partition menu and select the "New" option then the application show a window like this:<br> [[Image:Gparted create first partition.png|thumb|center]] We will configure the rootfs partition as:<br> After all apply all changes
*Primary Partition<br> ===Select "Boot flag" for the boot partition===*Format: EXT4<br> *Size: All Now we must select the boot flag for the first partition for it we use the right mouse button over the Rest<br> *Label: Rootfs<br>boot partition and select "Manage Flags" option
At end [[Image:Gparted boot flag.png|thumb|center]]Now we will click on "Add" button. have the microsd prepared for copy the boot files
[[Image==MLO + u-boot IGEP Boards Texas Instruments based boards==After build or download the MLO and u-boot you should follow the next steps:Gparted all configured.png|thumb|center]]
=== Apply all Changes ===* Copy MLO and u-boot.img to primary boot partition
Clink on Apply changes button in $ cp MLO u-boot.img /media/user/bootYou can follow this [[U-Boot Texas Instruments Series|HowTo]] if you want build the main menu after that gparted show a window like this for confirm all operations MLO and u-boot
[[Image:Gparted apply changes==u-boot.png|thumb|center]]We should click imx IGEP Boards based on apply buttonNXP-Freescale Processors==* Copy u-boot. imx using dd before primary partition in raw mode as
[[Image:Gparted apply information sudo dd if=/home/user/u-boot-imx/u-boot.png|thumb|center]]When the process finish we can see all changes applied imx of=/dev/sde bs=512 seek=2Where /dev/sde is your microsd card
You can follow this [[Image:Gparted operations complete.pngU-boot Freescale-NXP iMX6 Series|thumb|centerHowTo ]] if you want build the u-boot.imx
Now we ==Kernel==You can see all partitions follow this other howto about [[The Linux kernel|how compile and configurations done in install the main gparted window Linux Kernel]].
==Root File System= =In this tutorial we will use the [[Imagehttp:Gparted partitions done//downloads.isee.biz/pub/files/linaro/releases/linaro-m-headless-tar-20101108-2.tar.png|thumb|centergz linaro headless]]Select "Boot flag" for the boot partition === (soft floating) image as rootfs but you can use your favorite rootfs also.
Now we must select the boot flag for the first partition for it we use the right mouse button over the boot partition and select "Manage Flags" option <br /> {{Message/Information Message|message=Here there are many articles about how to get '''many other [[:Category:Software distributions|software distributions]]'''.}}
<br /> Here you've the [[Imagehttp:Gparted boot flag//downloads.isee.biz/pub/files/linaro/releases/linaro-11.09-nano-n-tar-20110929-0.tar.png|thumb|center]gz linaro nano 11.09]Now we have the microsd prepared (soft floating) available for copy download from the boot files ISEE server.
= Boot Partition Structure =Notes: You must build your programs with the hard floating if your rootfs is build with it.
We commented in the theory point the OMAP needs only the MLO (x-loader) file for boot, we will start checking this point. Notes: IGEPv5 must use Hard floating Rootfs
Before you follow the next points you should mount the microsd boot partition in your host pc.
Select the boot partition and mount it in your host.
[[Image:Microsd partitions.png|thumb|center]] ===Create the Rootfs mount point===Go to /media directory and create one sub-folder called "binary"
<brpre> $ cd /media
== X-Loader (MLO)$ sudo mkdir binary<br/pre> ==
You can follow this other howto about ===Mount the [[The IGEP X-loader|IGEP-X-loader]]. RootFS partition===Mount the rootfs partition using the 'binary' directory
Copy the x-loader.bin.ift into the boot partition. <pre>$ media > sudo mount /dev/mmcblkp2 /media/binary</pre>
[[Image:===Untar the rootfs package===Copy Xloader"linaro-m-headless-tar-20101108-2.png|thumb|center]] tar.gz" file inside the /media directory and untar the file
Rename the x<pre>$ media > sudo tar xvfz linaro-loaderm-headless-tar-20101108-2.bintar.ift to MLOgz</pre><br/> Now you should see inside your rootfs partition a similar structure like this.
===[[Image:Rename Xloader to MLOLinaro RootFS.png|thumb|center]]Install the kernel modules===Now we're ready for test the board boot from the microsd cardyou should install your kernel modules inside your root file system.
=== X<pre>$ media > cd /home/jdoe/linux-Loader Boot ===omap-2.6
We will eject $ /home/jdoe/linux-omap-2.6> sudo make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabi- modules_install INSTALL_MOD_PATH=/media/binary</pre>Alternatively if you downloaded the boot and rootfs partitions from our Host PC, this step binary package uncompress it's a lot important due inside the Linux must sync all changes before eject the microsd card. directory /media/binary
We will insert our microSD card into ===Install the IGEP boardkernel Image===Just copy the zImage inside your boot partition, connect the serial debug cable and open the serial terminal remember before that you must mount your mmc boot partition.
[[Image:Putty Serial Configuration<pre>$ /home/jdoe/linux-omap-2.png|thumb|center]]Power UP 6> sudo cp arch/arm/boot/zImage /media/boot/if you're using dtb kernel as 3.8.y you must copy the boarddtb too.$ /home/jdoe/linuz-omap-2.6> sudo cp arch/arm/boot/dtbs/omap5-igep0050. dtb /media/boot
[[Image:IGEP-X-Loader Boot</pre>After that you can unmount the boot & rootfs partitions.png|thumb|center]]
=== Configure the IGEP-X-Loader ===Now we're ready for test our new microsd card
=Test your new MicroSD=You can use test your new microSD card with a file like this: <pre>[kernel]; Kernel load address, NOT Modifykaddress=0x80008000; RAM disk load Address, NOT Modify;rdaddress=0x84000000; Board Serial IDserialclient such as PuTTy.low=00000001serial.high=00000000; Board Revisionrevision=0003; Kernel Image NamekImageName=zImage; Kernel RAM Disk Image Name;kRdImageName=initrd.img-2.6.35-1010-linaro-omap [kparams]; Setup the Kernel console paramsconsole=ttyS2,115200n8; Enable early printk;earlyprintk=[Using serial,ttyS2,115200; Setup the Board Memory Configurationmem=430M;mem=512M; Setup the Boot Delayboot_delay=0; Setup the ARM Processor Speed;mpurate=800; Setup the loglevel;loglevel=7; Enable Kernel Debug Output;debug=1; Fix RTC Variable;fixrtc=1; Configure nocompcache variablenocompcache=1; Configure Frame Buffer Configuration;omapfb.mode=dvi:1280x720MR-16@60omapfb.mode=dvi:hd720-16@60; Configure Video Ram assignedvram=40M; Configure Video RAM assigned port to communicate|Here]] is an explanation about how to every frame bufferomapfb.vram=0:12M,1:16M,2:12M; Configure frame buffer debug output;omapfb.debug=1; Configure DSS Video Debug option;omapdss.debug=1; Configure the Board Ethernet Mac Addresssmsc911x.mac=0xb2,0xb0,0x14,0xb5,0xcd,0xde; --- Configure UBI FS boot --- ;ubiconfigure it.mtd=2 ;root=ubi0:igep0020-rootfs ;rootfstype=ubifs; --- Configure NFS boot --- ;ip=192.168.2.123:192.168.2.129:192.168.2.1:255.255.255.0::eth0:;root=/dev/nfs;nfsroot=192.168.2.129:/srv/nfs/igep_rootfs; --- Configure MMC boot --- root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rw rootwait; Assign Init program;init=/bin/bash
</pre> Create a new file into the boot partition named igep.ini with these content and save the file(Note that speed should be configured to 115200 bauds).
== Kernel & Rootfs ==If you already have configured it or you are using another Serial client and you have connected the Serial cable to the IGEPv2 board, then you are ready to test your microSD.
You can follow this other howto about [[The_Linux_kernel|how compile Insert the microSD in your IGEPv2 board and install power up the Linux Kernel]]board.
We will use the [http[Image://downloadsLinaro Boot1.igeppng|thumb|center]][[Image:Linaro Boot2.es/files/linaro-m-headless-tar-20101108-2.tar.gz linaro headlesspng|thumb|center]] image as rootfs.
=== Download the rootfs package ===
=Related articles=
* [[Boot up sequence]]
* [[Update the PRE-INSTALLED software image to a current release]]
* [[The Linux kernel]]
linaro-m-headless-tar-20101108-2.tar.gz{{Message/Forum}}
Copy your zImage (Kernel Image) into the boot partition.[[Category:Boot loaders]][[Category:Software]][[Category:Software distributions]]