= Introduction Overview=This how to explains how to '''create a microSD card''' to boot IGEP boards with '''software distributions ( yocto, Ubuntu, Debian ...)'''.
This how to explains how to boot IGEPv2 or IGEP Module using a microSD card. __TOC__
== Theory ==OMAP35xx, DM37xx, AM335x, OMAP5, iMX6 processors can boot from a microSD. All IGEP boards use the microSD card as highest boot priority, it means that the processor try to boot from the microsd card before try to boot from other devices such the OneNand, Nand, SSD or eMMC.
OMAP35xx or DM37xx processors can Exist some rules to boot from a microSD. IGEPv2 or IGEP Module uses the microSD card as highest boot priority, it means that the processor try to boot from the microsd card before try to boot from other devices such the OneNand.
Exist some rules for ===Texas Instruments Processors===* The microsd card must be content at latest 2 partitions.* The first one must be primary partition with the boot from flag mark and formated using FAT(16 or 32) file system.* All names used in this partition must be msdos names (applies to OLD OMAP35xx processor).* The processor must load a microSD cardfirst program called '''MLO''', this program must reside in the first partition, this program it's also called '''x-loader or uboot-spl. '''
*''The microsd card must be content at latest 2 partitions. *The first one must be primary partition with the processor when boot flag mark ONLY load and formated using FAT filesystem. *All names used in this partition must be msdos names, it means you cannot use a extended names. *The processor must load a first program called '''execute the MLO''', this program must reside in and ignore all the first partition, this program rest it's also called '''xthe X-loader(MLO) the program responsible to load the next programs such kernel or uboot if you use this last one approach.'''
''===Freescale-NXP Processors===* The microsd card must be content at latest 1 partitions.* The primary partition can be formatted with any filesystem that u-boot can mount.* The processor ONLY Processor will load and execute the MLO program and ignore all the rest'''u-boot.imx''' it include the SPL and u-boot.
== Prerequisites ==''After load this u-boot.imx, u-boot will be ready for boot the kernel.''
*PC Therefore, we are going to '''setup a microSD card with Linux (We use for this how to Ubuntu 11.04) *MicroSD Card (4 Gbytes - class 4) *Tools such, fdisk, mkfs.ext3, mkfs.vfat, gparted ..these requirements''' and '''install a custom software distribution''' into it.
<br> ==Prerequisites==* PC with Linux (We use for this how to Ubuntu 16.04 LTS)* MicroSD Card (4 Gbytes - class 4) or bigger ...* Tools such, fdisk, mkfs.ext3, mkfs.vfat, gparted ...* Cross Toolchain included in Ubuntu 16.04 LTS gcc version 4.9.3 (Ubuntu/Linaro 4.9.3-13ubuntu2).
==ToolChain==* Read: [[Ubuntu 16.04 LTS Toolchain]] == Preparing the microSD card ==Open a terminal window and clear your dmesg using: <pre>sudo dmesg -c</pre>Now insert a new microsd card in your PC and then check your dmesg: <pre>dmesg</pre>You should see something like this:
Insert a new microsd card in your PC, you should see in your dmesg somthing like this after insert a new microsd card:
<pre>mmc0: new high speed SDHC card at address 0001
mmcblk0: mmc0:0001 00000 3.79 GiB
mmcblk0: unknown partition table
</pre> Ensure all in your microsd card it's erased:<br>
<pre>$ sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/mmcblk0 bs=1024 count=1024
[sudo] password for jdoe:
1024+0 records in
1024+0 records out
1048576 bytes (1.0 MB) copied, 0.43556 s, 2.4 MB/s</pre> == Install GParted ==We will use the gparted program for create the partitions, if you don't have this program installed then you must install it with this command: <pre>sudo apt-get install gparted</pre> ==GParted and Creation of Partitions==When the install procedure ends you can call the program from your system tools menu or directly using a terminal console. [[Image:Gparted initial.png|thumb|center]] ===Create the MSDOS Partition Table===The next step it's create the msdos table partition for it you should click in the "Device" menu and then in the "Create Partition Table" option. [[Image:Gparted create msdos table partition.png|thumb|center]]Check the default option it's create a msdos partition table. After that you can '''Apply'''. ===Create the BOOT Partition - IGEP Texas Instruments Processor based===<u>This Step it's only for OMAP35xx, DM37xx, AM335x, OMAP5432 processor based IGEP boards.</u> The Next step it's create the partitions for it you should go to the partition menu and select the "New" option then the application show a window like this: [[Image:Gparted create first partition.png|thumb|center]]We will configure the partition as: * Primary Partition* Format: FAT32* Size: 100 MegaBytes* Free Space Preceding: 0 MiB* Label: Boot* '''Align to: cylinder''' It is recommended to '''apply changes''' now or you might get an error later. ===Create the BOOT Partition - IGEP NXP-Freescale Processor based===<u>This Step it's only for iMX6 processor based IGEP boards.</u> The Next step it's create the partitions for it you should go to the partition menu and select the "New" option then the application show a window like this: [[File:imx6-primary-part.png|thumb|center]] We will configure the partition as: * Primary Partition* Format: FAT32* Free Space Preceding: 8 MiB* Size: 100 MegaBytes* Label: Boot* '''Align to: cylinder''' It is recommended to '''apply changes''' now or you might get an error later. ===Create the ROOTFS Partition===The Next step it's create the root file system partition.
We will use First you should select the unallocated partition area and then you should go to the gparted program for create partition menu and select the partitions, if you don't have this program installed "New" option then you must install it with the application show a window like this command: <pre>sudo apt-get install gparted<br /pre> == GParted ==[[Image:Gparted create first partition.png|thumb|center]] We will configure the rootfs partition as:
When * Primary Partition* Format: EXT4* Size: All the install procedure ends you can call the program from your system tools menu or directly using a terminal console. Rest* Label: Rootfs'''<br />'''
=== [[Image:Gparted initialAt end we will click on "Add" button.png|thumb|center]]Create the MSDOS Partition Table ===
The next step it's create the msdos table partition for it you should click in the "Device" menu and then in the "Create Partition Table" option[[Image:Gparted all configured. png|thumb|center]]
[[Image:Gparted create msdos table partition.png|thumb|center]]Check the default option it's create a msdos partition table after that you can apply. or
=== Create the BOOT Partition ===[[File:imx6_str.png|thumb|center]]
The Next step it's create the partitions for it you should go to the partition menu and select the "New" option then the application show a window like this: After all apply all changes
[[Image:Gparted create ===Select "Boot flag" for the boot partition===Now we must select the boot flag for the first partition.png|thumb|center]]We will configure for it we use the right mouse button over the boot partition as:<br> and select "Manage Flags" option
*Primary Partition<br> *Format[[Image: FAT32<br> *Size: 100 MegaBytes<br> *Label: Boot<br>Gparted boot flag.png|thumb|center]]Now we have the microsd prepared for copy the boot files
<br> ==MLO + u-boot IGEP Boards Texas Instruments based boards==After build or download the MLO and u-boot you should follow the next steps:
[[Image:Gparted configure * Copy MLO and u-boot partition.png|thumb|center]]We must "add" the img to primary boot partition and gparted shows a partitions structure like this.
=== Create $ cp MLO u-boot.img /media/user/bootYou can follow this [[U-Boot Texas Instruments Series|HowTo]] if you want build the ROOTFS Partition ===MLO and u-boot
The Next step it's create the root filesystem ==u-boot.imx IGEP Boards based on NXP-Freescale Processors==* Copy u-boot.imx using dd before primary partition. in raw mode as
First you should select the unallocated partition area and then you should go to the partition menu and select the "New" option then the application show a window like this:<br> [[Image:Gparted create first partition sudo dd if=/home/user/u-boot-imx/u-boot.png|thumb|center]] We will configure the rootfs partition as:<br> imx of=/dev/sde bs=512 seek=2Where /dev/sde is your microsd card
*Primary Partition<br> *Format: EXT4<br> *Size: All You can follow this [[U-boot Freescale-NXP iMX6 Series|HowTo ]]if you want build the Rest<br> *Label: Rootfs<br>u-boot.imx
At end we will click on "Add" button==Kernel==You can follow this other howto about [[The Linux kernel|how compile and install the Linux Kernel]].
==Root File System==In this tutorial we will use the [[Imagehttp:Gparted all configured//downloads.isee.biz/pub/files/linaro/releases/linaro-m-headless-tar-20101108-2.tar.png|thumb|center]gz linaro headless] (soft floating) image as rootfs but you can use your favorite rootfs also.
<br /> {{Message/Information Message|message=== Apply all Changes ===Here there are many articles about how to get '''many other [[:Category:Software distributions|software distributions]]'''.}}
Clink on Apply changes button in <br /> Here you've the main menu after that gparted show a window like this [http://downloads.isee.biz/pub/files/linaro/releases/linaro-11.09-nano-n-tar-20110929-0.tar.gz linaro nano 11.09] (soft floating) available for confirm all operations download from the ISEE server.
[[ImageNotes:Gparted apply changes.png|thumb|center]]We should click on apply buttonYou must build your programs with the hard floating if your rootfs is build with it.
[[ImageNotes:Gparted apply information.png|thumb|center]]When the process finish we can see all changes applied IGEPv5 must use Hard floating Rootfs
[[Image:Gparted operations complete.png|thumb|center]]
Now we can see all partitions and configurations done in the main gparted window
=== [[Image:Gparted partitions done.png|thumb|center]]Select "Boot flag" for Create the boot partition Rootfs mount point===Go to /media directory and create one sub-folder called "binary"
Now we must select the boot flag for the first partition for it we use the right mouse button over the boot partition and select "Manage Flags" option <pre>$ cd /media
[[Image:Gparted boot flag.png|thumb|center]]Now we have the microsd prepared for copy the boot files $ sudo mkdir binary</pre>
= Boot Partition Structure ==Mount the RootFS partition===Mount the rootfs partition using the 'binary' directory
We commented in the theory point the OMAP needs only the MLO (x-loader) file for boot, we will start checking this point. <pre>$ media > sudo mount /dev/mmcblkp2 /media/binary</pre>
Before you follow ===Untar the next points you should mount rootfs package===Copy "linaro-m-headless-tar-20101108-2.tar.gz" file inside the /media directory and untar the microsd boot partition in your host pc. file
Select the boot <pre>$ media > sudo tar xvfz linaro-m-headless-tar-20101108-2.tar.gz</pre><br /> Now you should see inside your rootfs partition and mount it in your hosta similar structure like this.
===[[Image:Microsd partitionsLinaro RootFS.png|thumb|center]] Install the kernel modules===Now you should install your kernel modules inside your root file system.
<brpre> $ media > cd /home/jdoe/linux-omap-2.6
$ /home/jdoe/linux-omap-2.6> sudo make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE= Xarm-linux-Loader (MLO)gnueabi- modules_install INSTALL_MOD_PATH=/media/binary<br/pre> ==Alternatively if you downloaded the binary package uncompress it inside the directory /media/binary
You can follow this other howto about ===Install the [[The bootloader X-loader|x-loader]]kernel Image===Just copy the zImage inside your boot partition, remember before that you must mount your mmc boot partition.
Copy the x<pre>$ /home/jdoe/linux-omap-loader2.6> sudo cp arch/arm/boot/zImage /media/boot/if you're using dtb kernel as 3.bin8.ift into y you must copy the dtb too.$ /home/jdoe/linuz-omap-2.6> sudo cp arch/arm/boot partition/dtbs/omap5-igep0050. dtb /media/boot
[[Image:Copy Xloader</pre>After that you can unmount the boot & rootfs partitions.png|thumb|center]]
Rename the x-loader.bin.ift to MLO<br> Now we're ready for test our new microsd card
=Test your new MicroSD=You can test your new microSD card with a Serial client such as PuTTy. [[Image:Rename Xloader Using serial debug port to MLO.png|thumbcommunicate|centerHere]]Now we're ready for test the board boot from the microsd cardis an explanation about how to configure it.
=== X-Loader Boot ===(Note that speed should be configured to 115200 bauds).
We will eject the boot If you already have configured it or you are using another Serial client and rootfs partitions from our Host PC, this step it's a lot important due you have connected the Linux must sync all changes before eject Serial cable to the microsd cardIGEPv2 board, then you are ready to test your microSD.
We will insert our Insert the microSD card into the IGEP in your IGEPv2 board, connect the serial debug cable and open power up the serial terminal board.
[[Image:Putty Serial ConfigurationLinaro Boot1.png|thumb|center]]Power UP the board[[Image:Linaro Boot2. png|thumb|center]]
[[Image:IGEP MicroSD Boot.png|thumb|center]]The X-Loader by default try to load and execute the uboot.
== Uboot<br> ==
Now it's time for copy and configure =Related articles=* [[Boot up sequence]]* [[Update the uboot our next step it's copy the uboot in the microsd card (if you wish build uboot then you can follow this PRE-INSTALLED software image to a current release]]* [[The bootloader U-Boot|howtoLinux kernel]])
<br> {{Message/Forum}}
<br>[[Category:Boot loaders]][[Category:Software]][[Category:Software distributions]]